tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-68536328567115301112024-03-14T14:24:19.775+02:00Fire Protection SpecialistsFire Protection Specialists (FPS) provides information in the field of fire protection according to NFPA codes and standards, and always Keeping you up to code.Fire Protection Specialistshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05950560915481590927noreply@blogger.comBlogger41125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6853632856711530111.post-91586922494536884772023-12-24T18:20:00.003+02:002023-12-24T18:20:36.535+02:00Air Venting According to NFPA 13 & NFPA 20<h1 style="text-align: center;"><b style="font-family: arial;"><span style="color: red; font-size: large;">Air Venting for </span></b><span style="color: red; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"><b>Wet Pipe </b></span><b style="font-family: arial;"><span style="color: red; font-size: large;">Sprinkler Systems </span></b><b style="font-family: arial;"><span style="color: red; font-size: large;">& Fire Pumps</span></b></h1><div style="text-align: center;"><b style="font-family: arial;"><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjYAeWDRNCTW6_PJ6Lanrahg9dG53_qZ9HRBQYfCSXkCQjAH7jFuMCqMJAAUGoO9Rk7h86TSLx4XiWnhhFC_cY-yAyKjEgMWVOddUjAUVbFh89Hbo6GEtn4cMSSSp7ICPuNBNAQeP-huMXLJ1zpqoL3pzNF-hU3i1TZ3dzfEiYgB1bZQ4ZbXJ8AnvTaslmc/s3600/AIR-VENTING---blog.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Air Venting for Wet Pipe Sprinkler Systems & Fire Pumps" border="0" data-original-height="1884" data-original-width="3600" height="334" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjYAeWDRNCTW6_PJ6Lanrahg9dG53_qZ9HRBQYfCSXkCQjAH7jFuMCqMJAAUGoO9Rk7h86TSLx4XiWnhhFC_cY-yAyKjEgMWVOddUjAUVbFh89Hbo6GEtn4cMSSSp7ICPuNBNAQeP-huMXLJ1zpqoL3pzNF-hU3i1TZ3dzfEiYgB1bZQ4ZbXJ8AnvTaslmc/w640-h334/AIR-VENTING---blog.jpg" title="Air Venting for Wet Pipe Sprinkler Systems & Fire Pumps" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Air Venting for Wet Pipe Sprinkler Systems & Fire Pumps</td></tr></tbody></table></b></div><span style="font-family: arial;"><div style="text-align: center;"><br /></div></span><div><h2 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="color: red;">For Wet Pipe Sprinkler Systems</span></span></h2><h2 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium; font-weight: normal;">A single air vent shall be provided on each wet pipe system utilizing metallic pipe.</span></h2></div><div><h3 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><b style="color: red;">Methods of air venting</b></span></h3><span style="font-family: arial;"><ol style="text-align: left;"><li><span style="font-family: arial;">Manual valve (min. 1∕2" size)</span></li><li><span style="font-family: arial;">Automatic air vent</span></li><li><span style="font-family: arial;">Remote inspector’s test valve</span></li><li><span style="font-family: arial;">Other approved means</span></li></ol></span></div><div><h3 style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: red; font-family: arial;"><b>Purpose of Air Venting</b></span></h3><div><span style="font-family: arial;">The purpose of the air venting valve is to exhaust as much trapped air as possible from a single location every time the system is filled. then it will reduce </span><span style="font-family: arial;">the amount of oxygen trapped in the system that will fuel corrosion and microbial activity.</span></div></div><h3 style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: red; font-family: arial;"><b>Location of air vent:</b></span></h3><div><span style="font-family: arial;">Air vent shall be located </span><span style="font-family: arial;">at an accessible point</span><span style="font-family: arial;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial;">near a high point in the system</span><span style="font-family: arial;"> where the greatest volume of trapped air is vented during the first fill </span><span style="font-family: arial;">and each subsequent drain and fill event. </span></div><div><br /></div><div><div><span style="font-family: arial;">The vent connection to the system should be located off the top of horizontal piping at a high point in the system; however, the vent connection can also be effectively located off the side of a riser or riser nipple at a high point in the system.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="font-family: arial;">The manual air venting valve preferably located not over 2.1 m above the floor. </span></div><div><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="font-family: arial;">Automatic air valves are not required to comply with the accessibility requirement of manual air venting valves; however, it is recommended the designer locate automatic air vents over areas without ceilings, above a lay-in ceiling, or above an access panel.</span></div></div><div><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></div><div><div><span style="font-family: arial;">Venting from multiple points on each system shall not be required. </span><span style="font-family: arial;">It is neither the intent nor practical to exhaust all trapped air from a single location on a wet pipe sprinkler system; however, more than one vent can be used on a system at the designer's discretion. Interconnection of branch line piping for venting purposes is not necessary. An inspector's test valve can serve this purpose.</span></div></div><div><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></div><h2 style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: red; font-family: arial;">For Fire Pumps:</span></h2><div><span style="font-family: arial;"><div>Air release valves are installed on the top of the pump casings and arranged for automatic or remote-control operation. </div><div><br /></div><h3 style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: red;">Purpose of using air release valve with fire pumps</span></h3><div>The purpose is to release trapped air in the casing and to minimize pump cavitation. An automatic air release is desirable on any pump with a casing that is normally full of water.</div></span></div><div><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></div><h3 style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: red; font-family: arial;">For Centrifugal Pumps:</span></h3><div><span style="font-family: arial;"><div>pumps that are automatically controlled shall be provided with a listed float-operated air release valve having a nominal 1/2 in. minimum diameter discharged to atmosphere.</div><div><br /></div><div>Above requirement shall not apply to overhung impeller–type pumps with top centerline discharge or that are vertically mounted to naturally vent the air.</div><div><br /></div><h3 style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: red;">For Vertical Turbine Pump:</span></h3><div><div>A nominal 1 1/2 in. pipe size or larger automatic air release valve shall be provided to vent air from the column and the discharge head upon the starting of the pump & to shall also admit air to the column to dissipate the vacuum upon stopping of the pump.</div><div><br /></div><div>This valve shall be located at the highest point in the discharge line between the fire pump and the discharge check valve.</div></div><div><br /></div></span></div><div><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></div><h2 style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: red; font-family: arial;"><b>References:</b></span></h2><div><span style="font-family: arial;"><a href="https://www.nfpa.org/codes-and-standards/all-codes-and-standards/list-of-codes-and-standards/detail?code=13" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><b>NFPA 13</b></a> - 2022 Edition (Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems)</span></div><div><span style="font-family: arial;"><a href="https://www.nfpa.org/codes-and-standards/2/0/20" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><b>NFPA 20</b></a> - 2022 Edition (</span><span style="font-family: arial;">Standard for the </span><span style="font-family: arial;">Installation of </span><span style="font-family: arial;">Stationary Pumps </span><span style="font-family: arial;">for Fire Protection)</span></div>Muhammad Mosadhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05468473036987685760noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6853632856711530111.post-17148539520538341652022-07-21T08:52:00.007+02:002022-07-21T09:46:06.949+02:00Maximum number of Sprinklers on branch line || NFPA13<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;"><h1 style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: red; font-family: arial; font-size: x-large;">Maximum Number of Sprinklers on Branch Line According to NFPA13</span></h1><span style="font-family: arial;"><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjp8L2vbDqPi_VWA0oIZP6KmrFvowKMuNBLypaVe6XACgtNSEk1IKiL-IGJOYTyLC2kKCjDOkDR--UcRs5YwiIKiSaELaYWJ-8bHVcwFfcY4aGsk6tPlscYj9rZ2QtW4jzw2KvYiBKwZePj70McDnwrZgLwks6d5t8JlRwc9usVK7cOcbNR1LfX038dsg/s1200/Branch-Line--blog.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Maximum Number of Sprinklers on Branch Line According to NFPA13" border="0" data-original-height="628" data-original-width="1200" height="334" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjp8L2vbDqPi_VWA0oIZP6KmrFvowKMuNBLypaVe6XACgtNSEk1IKiL-IGJOYTyLC2kKCjDOkDR--UcRs5YwiIKiSaELaYWJ-8bHVcwFfcY4aGsk6tPlscYj9rZ2QtW4jzw2KvYiBKwZePj70McDnwrZgLwks6d5t8JlRwc9usVK7cOcbNR1LfX038dsg/w640-h334/Branch-Line--blog.jpg" title="Maximum Number of Sprinklers on Branch Line According to NFPA13" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Maximum Number of Sprinklers on Branch Line According to NFPA13</td></tr></tbody></table><br /><div style="text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /></span></div><div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;"><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;">According to <a href="https://www.nfpa.org/codes-and-standards/all-codes-and-standards/list-of-codes-and-standards/detail?code=13">NFPA 13</a> - 2022 edition (28.5.2.1.1), Branch lines shall not exceed eight sprinklers on either side of a cross main and shall be sized in accordance with the t</span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;">ables below for light and ordinary hazard occupancies:</span></p><div><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: x-large;"><br /></span></div><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;"></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgruZQgIDH1X1Rp93hpkalhbihygvKzSU4BOhT3RYU36OTZAm9_8TPJpdHkiZ6f3LbGDbHb5DyabA6czMfb4AdzV8wnQ-PQ8HG3GqGdYIqEqsF-R0iBhaAFk_B_6ZWC3FzYKdeQRCbezx3TIw5-BtgYTT_IO6Vm2bKu-Tb0Eo-q6gJIrgvvjyOE01NwdQ/s2000/Light.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Pipe Schedule for Light Hazard" border="0" data-original-height="1417" data-original-width="2000" height="454" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgruZQgIDH1X1Rp93hpkalhbihygvKzSU4BOhT3RYU36OTZAm9_8TPJpdHkiZ6f3LbGDbHb5DyabA6czMfb4AdzV8wnQ-PQ8HG3GqGdYIqEqsF-R0iBhaAFk_B_6ZWC3FzYKdeQRCbezx3TIw5-BtgYTT_IO6Vm2bKu-Tb0Eo-q6gJIrgvvjyOE01NwdQ/w640-h454/Light.jpg" title="Pipe Schedule for Light Hazard" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Pipe Schedule for Light Hazard</span></td></tr></tbody></table><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;"><br /></span><p></p><p style="text-align: left;"></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiMPlIyP0pQN-qLizd0w0Bqxeag_S9-2NnQqStIIcUXP8mUQJ0oyqvs-Wz9RvbXTFVLns76iSGi_8W6wtQ9qKfvYv1ZqeuONv0AqY8fnVhsbH9axSJ3GRuxlxCPD6z3qbdmtliNY8sTDggOaSdk5Ixe57YZ1W4ocAcCs9lF-L379JTpTNhC-dyWTsLFoA/s2000/Ordinary.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Pipe Schedule for Ordinary Hazard" border="0" data-original-height="1535" data-original-width="2000" height="492" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiMPlIyP0pQN-qLizd0w0Bqxeag_S9-2NnQqStIIcUXP8mUQJ0oyqvs-Wz9RvbXTFVLns76iSGi_8W6wtQ9qKfvYv1ZqeuONv0AqY8fnVhsbH9axSJ3GRuxlxCPD6z3qbdmtliNY8sTDggOaSdk5Ixe57YZ1W4ocAcCs9lF-L379JTpTNhC-dyWTsLFoA/w640-h492/Ordinary.jpg" title="Pipe Schedule for Ordinary Hazard" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Pipe Schedule for Ordinary Hazard</span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;"><br /></span><p></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;">Where more than eight sprinklers on a branch line are necessary, lines shall be permitted to be increased to nine sprinklers by making the two end lengths 1 in. and 11∕4 in. , respectively, and the sizes thereafter standard.</span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;">Ten sprinklers shall be permitted to be placed on a branch line, making the two end lengths 1 in. and 11∕4 in., respectively, and feeding the tenth sprinkler by a 21∕2 in. pipe.</span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;">The figure below, illustrates the above rules:</span></p><p style="text-align: left;"></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjn6ILq0025hEE2puUYVkpEqzp8Y7WgJ7n_dUkDAC8IcBv4RV_RAyMeySCCr3O2cDSRg8tfQF9LQd2ZWDXgO0MjZt_UIfHVZFYeiyFfmCTLfiKkpui6GrGqns4ZlP3t79lML02ekr1oyeq_Y8NsgO2XiVLJDFv97LS6Fa0J1fT-67Zg3bZfkcUfWtZNQw/s1200/Branch-Line.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Maximum Number of Sprinklers on Branch Line According to NFPA13" border="0" data-original-height="1175" data-original-width="1200" height="626" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjn6ILq0025hEE2puUYVkpEqzp8Y7WgJ7n_dUkDAC8IcBv4RV_RAyMeySCCr3O2cDSRg8tfQF9LQd2ZWDXgO0MjZt_UIfHVZFYeiyFfmCTLfiKkpui6GrGqns4ZlP3t79lML02ekr1oyeq_Y8NsgO2XiVLJDFv97LS6Fa0J1fT-67Zg3bZfkcUfWtZNQw/w640-h626/Branch-Line.jpg" title="Maximum Number of Sprinklers on Branch Line According to NFPA13" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Maximum Number of Sprinklers on Branch Line According to NFPA13</span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><p></p><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;"><h3 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;">References:</span></h3></div><div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;"><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.nfpa.org/codes-and-standards/all-codes-and-standards/list-of-codes-and-standards/detail?code=13" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">NFPA 13</a> - 2022 edition (Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems)</span></p><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;"><br /></span><h3 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;">Read Also:</span></h3></div><div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2019/11/pipe-schedule-method-for-firefighting.html" target="_blank">Pipe Schedule Method According to NFPA13</a><br /><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2019/09/sprinkler-characteristics.html" target="_blank">Sprinkler Characteristics According to NFPA 13</a><br /><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2018/12/pipe-schedules-for-sprinklers-above.html" target="_blank">Pipe Schedules for Sprinklers Above & Below Ceiling</a><br /><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2018/09/auxiliary-drain-for-firefighting.html" target="_blank">Auxiliary Drain For firefighting Sprinkler System</a><br /><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2019/09/sprinklers-in-electrical-rooms.html" target="_blank">Sprinklers in Electrical Rooms According to NFPA 13</a><br /><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2019/08/fire-department-connection.html" target="_blank">Fire Department Connection According to NFPA 13</a><br /><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2018/11/seismic-separation-assembly-according.html">Seismic Separation Assembly According to NFPA 13</a><br /><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2018/11/return-bend-requirements-according-to.html" target="_blank">Return Bend Requirements According to NFPA 13</a><br /><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2018/10/distance-below-ceiling-for-standard.html" target="_blank">Distance Below Ceiling for Standard Spray Sprinklers<br /></a><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2018/09/small-room-sprinkler-design.html" target="_blank">Sprinkler Distribution According to NFPA 13</a></span></div>Muhammad Mosadhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05468473036987685760noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6853632856711530111.post-55938152961800729912022-07-14T16:39:00.004+02:002022-07-14T16:42:45.430+02:00Diesel Tank For Fire Fighting Pump | NFPA20<h1 style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;"><b> Diesel Tank For Fire Fighting Pump | NFPA20</b></span></h1><p style="text-align: center;"></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiyENn5-YY2EMcoDq3i2KqyMVVx1Jm7u_vBNhnyH4DdnLKC3Vfkx_WQka11GpSpTE_h6oknUeakR_NtWVLt9l7uM_eB7NHwAiveeNB4i3I6zlJp3V45tGrAAp-rdgGVd-pU3mOr0h74kd6R8624YWyDgIJwtP9toSfHJWBlUuCzsbp0N_sUeUwgiXJTxA/s1200/diesel-tank---blog.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Diesel Tank For Fire Fighting Pump | NFPA20" border="0" data-original-height="628" data-original-width="1200" height="334" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiyENn5-YY2EMcoDq3i2KqyMVVx1Jm7u_vBNhnyH4DdnLKC3Vfkx_WQka11GpSpTE_h6oknUeakR_NtWVLt9l7uM_eB7NHwAiveeNB4i3I6zlJp3V45tGrAAp-rdgGVd-pU3mOr0h74kd6R8624YWyDgIJwtP9toSfHJWBlUuCzsbp0N_sUeUwgiXJTxA/w640-h334/diesel-tank---blog.jpg" title="Diesel Tank For Fire Fighting Pump | NFPA20" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"> Diesel Tank For Fire Fighting Pump | NFPA20</td></tr></tbody></table><br /><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span><p></p><h3 style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: red; font-family: arial;"><b>General requirements:</b></span></h3><p><span style="font-family: arial;">The fuel supply tank and fuel shall be reserved exclusively for the fire pump diesel engine.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;">There shall be a separate fuel supply tank for each engine.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;">There shall be a separate fuel supply and return line for each engine.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;">Tanks shall be single wall or double wall, while using </span><span style="font-family: arial;">Single-wall fuel tanks, it shall be enclosed with a wall, curb, or dike sufficient to hold the entire capacity of the tank.</span></p><div><span style="font-family: arial;">Tanks used in accordance with the rules NFPA20 shall be limited in size to 1320 gal, </span><span style="font-family: arial;">for situations where using fuel tanks exceeds 1320 gal, the requirements of NFPA 37 shall apply.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: arial;"><p style="text-align: left;">Tanks shall be securely mounted on noncombustible supports.</p><div><br /></div></span></div><h3 style="text-align: left;"><b style="color: red; font-family: arial;">Fuel Supply Tank Capacity.</b></h3><p><span style="font-family: arial;">Fuel supply tank(s) shall have a capacity at least equal to 1 gallon per hp, plus 5 percent volume for expansion and 5 percent volume for sump.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></p><h4 style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: red; font-family: arial;"><b>Example on diesel tank sizing:</b></span></h4><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj6bcGGsV1pzjyy_VPr4fiMPEOu2lEVDEZAn--tuJqUkHoeR8LJ50bM1OimcY5aF_J30hJuVBlloylfFnvGekl7OqI197QFdocS8qQZIta4dUM-FaX7J84nMRZwLmvjBY5PttnKKCZnYN92VaZ4uxxWGALv9xPI3Q3x0t4cp6vLhOPv8plwK28Apcprig/s2400/Diesel-Tank-Sizing.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><img alt="Diesel Tank Sizing" border="0" data-original-height="2000" data-original-width="2400" height="534" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj6bcGGsV1pzjyy_VPr4fiMPEOu2lEVDEZAn--tuJqUkHoeR8LJ50bM1OimcY5aF_J30hJuVBlloylfFnvGekl7OqI197QFdocS8qQZIta4dUM-FaX7J84nMRZwLmvjBY5PttnKKCZnYN92VaZ4uxxWGALv9xPI3Q3x0t4cp6vLhOPv8plwK28Apcprig/w640-h534/Diesel-Tank-Sizing.jpg" title="Diesel Tank Sizing" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Diesel Tank Sizing</td></tr></tbody></table><h3 style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: red; font-family: arial;"><b><br /></b></span></h3><h3 style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: red; font-family: arial;"><b>Fuel Supply Tank Location</b></span></h3><p><span style="font-family: arial;">Diesel fuel supply tanks shall be located above </span><span style="font-family: arial;">ground </span><span style="font-family: arial;">and shall not be buried.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;">Diesel fuel storage tanks <b>preferably should be located </b></span><span style="font-family: arial;"><b>inside the pump room</b> or pump house, and the f</span><span style="font-family: arial;">ill and vent lines should be exte</span><span style="font-family: arial;">nded </span><span style="font-family: arial;">outdoors.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></p><h3 style="text-align: left;"><b style="color: red; font-family: arial;">Tank Connections.</b></h3><p><span style="font-family: arial;"><u>Each tank shall have the following connections:</u></span></p><p></p><h4 style="text-align: left;"><b style="font-family: arial;">Fill connection.</b></h4><p></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Fill pipes shall enter the top of the tank and shall </span><span style="font-family: arial;">terminate within 6 in. of the bottom of the tank</span><span style="font-family: arial;">.</span></p><p></p><h4 style="text-align: left;"><b style="font-family: arial;">Drain connection.</b></h4><span style="font-family: arial;">Shall be located in the lowest point of </span><span style="font-family: arial;">the tank and size of 1 in. NPT.</span><h4 style="text-align: left;"><b style="font-family: arial;">Vent connection.</b></h4><span style="font-family: arial;">- Normal vents shall be 2 in. NPT or sized according to ANSI/UL 142.<br /></span><span style="font-family: arial;">- As an alternative, the normal vent can be </span><span style="font-family: arial;">at least as large as the largest filling or </span><span style="font-family: arial;">withdrawal connection, but in no case shall it be less than 11∕4 </span><span style="font-family: arial;">in. nominal inside diameter.</span><span style="font-family: arial;"> </span><h4 style="text-align: left;"><b style="font-family: arial;">Engine supply connection.</b></h4><span style="font-family: arial;">The fuel supply pipe connection shall be located </span><span style="font-family: arial;">on a side of the tank </span><span style="font-family: arial;">so that 5 percent of the tank </span><span style="font-family: arial;">volume provides a sump volume not usable by the engine.</span><br /><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial;">The tank connection shall be no smaller than the </span><span style="font-family: arial;">fuel supply piping to the engine.</span></div><h4 style="text-align: left;"><b style="font-family: arial;">Engine return connection.</b></h4><span style="font-family: arial;">The tank connection shall be no smaller than the </span><span style="font-family: arial;">fuel return piping from the engine.</span><h4 style="text-align: left;"><b style="font-family: arial;">Fuel level switch connection.</b></h4><span style="font-family: arial;">The fuel tank shall have one 2 in. NPT </span><span style="font-family: arial;">threaded port in the top, near the center, of the tank to accommodate </span><span style="font-family: arial;">the low fuel level switch.</span><h4 style="text-align: left;"><b><span style="font-family: arial;">Active fuel maintenance </span><span style="font-family: arial;">return connection.</span></b></h4><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial;">The fuel tank shall have one minimum 1 in. </span><span style="font-family: arial;">NPT threaded port in the top of the tank to accommodate </span><span style="font-family: arial;">the connection of a line for the return fuel from an </span><span style="font-family: arial;">active fuel maintenance system.</span></div><ul style="text-align: left;"></ul><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Where there is not an active fuel system installed, </span><span style="font-family: arial;">a plug shall be installed in this connection.</span></div><p><br /></p><h3 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="color: red;"><b>References:</b></span></span></h3><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><a href="https://www.nfpa.org/codes-and-standards/all-codes-and-standards/list-of-codes-and-standards/detail?code=20" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">NFPA 20</a> - 2022 edition. (Standard for the Installation of Stationary Pumps for Fire Protection)</span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><a href="https://catalog.nfpa.org/Stationary-Fire-Pumps-and-Standpipe-Systems-Handbook-P15529.aspx?icid=D737" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Stationary Fire Pumps and Standpipe Systems Handbook.</a></span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><a href="https://catalog.nfpa.org/Fire-Protection-Handbook-20th-Edition-P13860.aspx" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Fire Protection Handbook, 20th Edition.</a></span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><br /></p><h3 style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: red; font-family: arial;"><b>Read Also:</b></span></h3><p style="text-align: left;"><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2018/10/fire-pump-settings.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: arial;">Fire Pump Setting</span></a></p><p style="text-align: left;"><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2019/03/fire-pumps-sensing-line.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: arial;">Fire Pump Sensing Line</span></a></p><p style="text-align: left;"><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2019/06/anti-vortex-plate-according-to-nfpa-20.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: arial;">Anti-Vortex Plate for Fire Protection</span></a></p><p style="text-align: left;"><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2018/10/firefighting-pump-suction-details.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: arial;">Fire Pump Suction Line Components</span></a></p><p style="text-align: left;"><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2018/10/general-requirements-of-jockey-pump.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: arial;">Jockey Pump Requirements & Sizing</span></a></p><p style="text-align: left;"><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2020/05/relief-valves-for-centrifugal-pumps.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: arial;">Relief Valve for Centrifugal Fire Pump</span></a></p><p style="text-align: left;"><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2018/10/general-requirements-of-circulation.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: arial;">Circulation Relief Valve for Fire Pumps</span></a></p><p style="text-align: left;"><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2018/11/centrifugal-fire-pump-capacities.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: arial;">Centrifugal Fire Pump Selection Criteria</span></a></p><p></p>Muhammad Mosadhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05468473036987685760noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6853632856711530111.post-32115076504262855532022-04-04T13:30:00.000+02:002022-04-04T13:30:03.526+02:00Determining Number & Location of Hose Connections | NFPA 14<h1 style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: red; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"><b> Determining Number & Location of Hose Connections According to NFPA 14</b></span></h1><p style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: red; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgD2A-gIVI_4Xu8orJVN24Z9boR1Xq8R6OE7uI_vJo8-Gb5VjKwwu6E1Q3ov-5VrvvadeEToyhPhW2yOM1ceDc0i244XEBaWOvanEU-xtoeHy4Ny8AbEE1PwkfQ5_SsyHoN_TJ-DpDM7MjBQATi9ribTYFbyxTWn3PSgwBLivLU_skuq2iGDzslrw-x5Q/s1200/determine-location-hose-connection.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Determining Number & Location of Hose Connections according to NFPA 14" border="0" data-original-height="628" data-original-width="1200" height="334" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgD2A-gIVI_4Xu8orJVN24Z9boR1Xq8R6OE7uI_vJo8-Gb5VjKwwu6E1Q3ov-5VrvvadeEToyhPhW2yOM1ceDc0i244XEBaWOvanEU-xtoeHy4Ny8AbEE1PwkfQ5_SsyHoN_TJ-DpDM7MjBQATi9ribTYFbyxTWn3PSgwBLivLU_skuq2iGDzslrw-x5Q/w640-h334/determine-location-hose-connection.jpg" title="Determining Number & Location of Hose Connections according to NFPA 14" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"> Determining Number & Location of Hose Connections according to NFPA 14</td></tr></tbody></table><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;">Codes and standards employ two approaches to determining </span><span style="font-family: arial;">hose connection locations (The Actual Length Method & The Exit Location Method). </span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></p><h3 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><b><span>The A</span><span>ctual Length</span> Method:</b></span></h3><p><span style="font-family: arial;">Actual Length Method is used only for determining number and locations of 1½ in. hose </span><span style="font-family: arial;">connections.<br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;">This method locates </span><span style="font-family: arial;">1½ in. hose connections such that enough are </span><span style="font-family: arial;">provided to reach all portions of the area served with a </span><span style="font-family: arial;">30.5 m hose that has a nozzle with a 6- to 9-m </span><span style="font-family: arial;">reach. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;"></span></p><p style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: black; font-size: small;"><span style="background-color: transparent; font-family: arial;">As illustrated in the figure below, the 30.5 m length limit is required for ease of </span><span style="background-color: transparent; font-family: arial;">handling. Noting that: Distances should be measured around partitions and </span><span style="background-color: transparent; font-family: arial;">obstructions for hose length and along unobstructed straightline </span><span style="background-color: transparent; font-family: arial;">paths for nozzle reach.</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;">The 1½ in. hose stations should </span><span style="font-family: arial;">be located in central areas, such as corridors, where they are </span><span style="font-family: arial;">clearly visible and readily accessible. </span></p><div><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></div><p></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiDhPU3Nkjfy3gDx8_xxA8GDP4Xu9Lw4urq2bgAU3M0tDqfloWElPpoKdBTG18h9uPckicYI9tp7NEnC3IHiGhf0FBleGoE_ab7oW3dAxFHmVERT80yeWe-O7qITjPFtraGe2mySafRtK2LNVEgkXmFw2SxmsJfwGvhNRPwonwe-1TodLnBIE_c0aVu8Q/s2000/Actual-Length-Method.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Actual Length Method" border="0" data-original-height="1625" data-original-width="2000" height="520" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiDhPU3Nkjfy3gDx8_xxA8GDP4Xu9Lw4urq2bgAU3M0tDqfloWElPpoKdBTG18h9uPckicYI9tp7NEnC3IHiGhf0FBleGoE_ab7oW3dAxFHmVERT80yeWe-O7qITjPFtraGe2mySafRtK2LNVEgkXmFw2SxmsJfwGvhNRPwonwe-1TodLnBIE_c0aVu8Q/w640-h520/Actual-Length-Method.jpg" title="Actual Length Method" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Actual Length Method</span></td></tr></tbody></table><h3 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><b>Exit location method</b></span></h3><p><span style="font-family: arial;">Exit location method is used for 2½ in. hose connections, t</span><span style="font-family: arial;">his method locates connections based on a </span><span style="font-family: arial;">building’s exiting system. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;">Using this method, 2½ in. </span><span style="font-family: arial;">hose connections are located in exit stairs, at horizontal exits, </span><span style="font-family: arial;">and in exit passageways, as required by the building code, </span><span style="font-family: arial;">This location allows fire fighters to connect to a </span><span style="font-family: arial;">system in relative safety and to have a charged hose available </span><span style="font-family: arial;">before entering a fire area.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;">As illustrated in the figure below, </span><span style="font-family: arial;">In the exit location method, maximum </span><span style="font-family: arial;">travel distance to an exit (door), as established by the </span><span style="font-family: arial;">applicable building code, is the basis for locating required 2½ </span><span style="font-family: arial;">in. hose connections. </span></p><p></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhTCG_8ANtmeVWdJmLjcBzlRiyQfZQdee_Za9KLNa8FD54qJCdvX0wDppYq8ECY9CS6VpnstKBXv59iK3bgMtQKoIvO114Mi3i-fXBSZ8V1eh1td0p4Ln8IOt7NEMi_S1evzGCoupaLNopAnx0fMLkqVB8rebmTmaVXtuzg-16x0Bby02Sgd-2-p2fUNA/s2000/Exit-Location-Method.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Exit Location Method" border="0" data-original-height="1550" data-original-width="2000" height="496" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhTCG_8ANtmeVWdJmLjcBzlRiyQfZQdee_Za9KLNa8FD54qJCdvX0wDppYq8ECY9CS6VpnstKBXv59iK3bgMtQKoIvO114Mi3i-fXBSZ8V1eh1td0p4Ln8IOt7NEMi_S1evzGCoupaLNopAnx0fMLkqVB8rebmTmaVXtuzg-16x0Bby02Sgd-2-p2fUNA/w640-h496/Exit-Location-Method.jpg" title="Exit Location Method" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Exit Location Method</span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span><p></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;">NFPA 14 permits additional </span><span style="font-family: arial;">2½ in. hose connections to be required by local authorities </span><span style="font-family: arial;">when exit travel distances exceed 46 m in nonsprinklered </span><span style="font-family: arial;">buildings and 61 m in sprinklered buildings.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;">If additional </span><span style="font-family: arial;">connections outside of exit enclosures are considered </span><span style="font-family: arial;">necessary, they should be located only in areas protected by fireresistive </span><span style="font-family: arial;">construction so that fire fighters will have a protected </span><span style="font-family: arial;">environment in which they can connect hoses.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></p><h3 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><b>Locating of hose standpipe outlets at roof</b></span></h3><p><span style="font-family: arial;">The roof </span><span style="font-family: arial;">should be treated as an additional floor. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;">According to NFPA 14, roof outlets can be omitted where the roof pitch is </span><span style="font-family: arial;">greater than 3 in 12. An additional outlet must be provided at the </span><span style="font-family: arial;">top of the standpipe for testing purposes. This outlet will permit </span><span style="font-family: arial;">flowing 500 gpm.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></p><h3 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><b>Positioning of Hose Connections at Landings. </b></span></h3><p><span style="font-family: arial;">NFPA 14 permits to place connections at intermediate floor landings.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;">This placement allows hoses to be connected somewhat below </span><span style="font-family: arial;">the fire floor while minimizing the additional hose length required </span><span style="font-family: arial;">to do so. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;">It also avoids congestion problems associated </span><span style="font-family: arial;">with having hose connections located adjacent to exit doors and </span><span style="font-family: arial;">areas of wheelchair refuge within stairwells. Locating hose connections </span><span style="font-family: arial;">in this manner also prevents kinking hose, as it bends </span><span style="font-family: arial;">around doorways.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></p><h3 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><b>Installation height of hose connections & hose stations </b></span></h3><p><span style="font-family: arial;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;">Installation height of hose connections and hose stations shall be as per the following figure:</span></p><p></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjDAHePUIydYyij1F_6S8LHuKEQn8BDdINaAWejPSUCB09QnHiLqmfRmFpZrexC86PjHgzssZAfx_nC5EQeu5HZ5NvdlsIibKqZt9Nz9Advbw9iq9GGMzQD394VMAQguAV19U4oNx-1MXhwC7ZLNucUsET1ZgmEUFpbYnenMMjMGnKuOAdK-znsdd2Wmw/s2000/FE-Height---01.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2000" data-original-width="2000" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjDAHePUIydYyij1F_6S8LHuKEQn8BDdINaAWejPSUCB09QnHiLqmfRmFpZrexC86PjHgzssZAfx_nC5EQeu5HZ5NvdlsIibKqZt9Nz9Advbw9iq9GGMzQD394VMAQguAV19U4oNx-1MXhwC7ZLNucUsET1ZgmEUFpbYnenMMjMGnKuOAdK-znsdd2Wmw/w640-h640/FE-Height---01.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Installation height of hose connections & hose stations</span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span><p></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></p><h3 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial;">References of the article:</span></h3><p><span style="font-family: arial;"><a href="https://www.nfpa.org/codes-and-standards/all-codes-and-standards/list-of-codes-and-standards/detail?code=14" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">NFPA 14</a> - 2019 edition (Standard For The Installation of standpipe and Hose Systems)</span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;"><a href="https://catalog.nfpa.org/Fire-Protection-Handbook-20th-Edition-P13860.aspx" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Fire Protection Handbook</a>, 20th Edition</span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></p><h3 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Read Also:</span></h3><p><span style="font-family: arial;"><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2022/03/class-ii-standpipe-system-nfpa-14.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Class II Standpipe System according to NFPA 14</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;"><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2019/05/where-standpipe-system-is-required.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Where Standpipe System is Required?</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;"><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2019/08/FireDept.Connection.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Fire Department Connection For Standpipe System</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;"><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2021/12/floor-control-valve-assembly-where.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Floor Control Valve Assembly According to NFPA 13</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;"><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2021/12/sectional-drain-floor-control-valve.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Sectional Drain & Floor Cotrol Valve Assembly Drain</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;"><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2019/11/pipe-schedule-method-for-firefighting.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Pipe Schedule Method According to NFPA 13</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;"><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2019/09/sprinkler-characteristics.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Firefighting Sprinkler Characteristics</a></span></p>Muhammad Mosadhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05468473036987685760noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6853632856711530111.post-14962149605574256072022-03-23T10:29:00.004+02:002022-03-23T10:34:47.006+02:00Class II Standpipe System | NFPA 14<h1 style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: red; font-family: arial;"> Class II Standpipe System according to NFPA 14</span></h1><p></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi80PkGKmXPeaA3OMYjpY4RaQzGwbuALQOmEJSZ1MHUjabiOIra5dZ69WhffZF5x701wcvl5wA2lW2yM4-t9ugmXBH2q2htQxxlT8BY6bmbCrYdnq6QKtLtvT2zlmenZg-Puu9fv75D_-AeBAHTqZ77wKlSG4eeXXW1gzkY4GZ_YnciNpQBzS9UsrcosA/s1200/CLASS-II-FHC---blog.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Class II Standpipe System according to NFPA 14" border="0" data-original-height="628" data-original-width="1200" height="334" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi80PkGKmXPeaA3OMYjpY4RaQzGwbuALQOmEJSZ1MHUjabiOIra5dZ69WhffZF5x701wcvl5wA2lW2yM4-t9ugmXBH2q2htQxxlT8BY6bmbCrYdnq6QKtLtvT2zlmenZg-Puu9fv75D_-AeBAHTqZ77wKlSG4eeXXW1gzkY4GZ_YnciNpQBzS9UsrcosA/w640-h334/CLASS-II-FHC---blog.jpg" title="Class II Standpipe System according to NFPA 14" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;"> Class II Standpipe System according to NFPA 14</span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span><p></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></p><p style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><b>First of all, let's define the standpipe system and clarify its different classes, then we will focus on class II.</b></span></p><h2 style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: #ff00fe; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"><b>Standpipe System</b></span></h2><h3 style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: red; font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><b>Definition:</b></span></h3><p><span style="font-family: arial;">An arrangement of piping, valves, hose connections, and associated equipment installed in a building or structure, with the hose connections located in such a manner that water can be discharged in streams or spray patterns through attached hose and nozzles.</span></p><h3 style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: red; font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><b>Purpose:</b></span></h3><p><span style="font-family: arial;">Extinguishing a fire, thereby protecting the building & occupants.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></p><h2 style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: #ff00fe; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"><b>Classes of Standpipe Systems.</b></span></h2><h3 style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: red; font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><b>Class I Systems. </b></span></h3><p><span style="font-family: arial;">A Class I standpipe system shall provide 21∕2 in. (65 mm) hose connections to supply water for use by fire departments and those trained in handling heavy fire streams.</span></p><h3 style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: red; font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><b>Class II Systems.</b></span></h3><p><span style="font-family: arial;">A Class II standpipe system shall provide either 11∕2 in. (40 mm) hose stations to supply water for use by trained personnel or a hose connection for the fire department during</span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;">initial response.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;">A minimum 1 in. (25.4 mm) hose shall be permitted to be used for hose stations in light hazard occupancies where investigated and listed for this service and where approved by the AHJ.</span></p><h3 style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: red; font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><b>Class III Systems. </b></span></h3><p><span style="font-family: arial;">A Class III standpipe system shall provide 11∕2 in. (40 mm) hose stations to supply water for use by trained personnel and 21∕2 in. (65 mm) hose connections to supply a larger volume of water for use by fire departments and those trained in handling heavy fire streams.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></p><p style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #2b00fe; font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><b>The remaining part of the article, we will talk about only class II.</b></span></p><p style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></p><h2 style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: #ff00fe; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"><b>Required type of class II standpipe system</b></span></h2><p></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li><span style="font-family: arial;">Class II standpipe systems shall be automatic wet systems </span></li><li><span style="font-family: arial;">Where piping is subject to freezing and where a fire brigade is trained to operate the system without fire department intervention, in which case an automatic dry or semiautomatic dry system shall be permitted.</span></li><li><span style="font-family: arial;">In a non-high-rise building, The Class II portion of a Class III system shall be automatic.</span></li></ul><p></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></p><h2 style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: #ff00fe; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"><b>Location of class II standpipe System.</b></span></h2><p><span style="font-family: arial;">All portions of each floor level of the building </span><span style="font-family: arial;">are within 39.7 m of a hose connection provided </span><span style="font-family: arial;">with 11∕2 in. hose or within 36.6 m of a hose </span><span style="font-family: arial;">connection provided with less than 1in. hose.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;"><b><u>Note that:</u></b> Distances shall be measured along a path of travel originating </span><span style="font-family: arial;">at the hose connection.</span></p><p><br /></p><h2 style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: #ff00fe; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"><b>Installation height of hose connection.</b></span></h2><p><span style="font-family: arial;">Hose connections and hose stations shall be unobstructed </span><span style="font-family: arial;">and shall be located not less than 0.9 m or more </span><span style="font-family: arial;">than 1.5 m above the floor. </span></p><p><b style="font-family: arial;"><u>Note that:</u></b><span style="font-family: arial;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial;">This dimension shall be measured from the floor to </span><span style="font-family: arial;">the center of the hose valve as per the following figure.</span></p><p></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgOhfDpNzE1gOm-fBshHkobiW01CBN_YHQgxK_E3xYvJQ8WqepnMFKsT7-ngJeE3eNAPzwX5C-Ew_WZNG71P8qIOVTQbuo3-zldHq3NKGZ04aZH3UEcxi6Yht1Qi9e2SsRmDRovtIaRm0j2SKJ69F0MtDlHZFMsHuUwIAm2upQJud6ZjKSmDtRb2kDZyg/s2000/FE-Height---01.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Hose Connection Installation Height" border="0" data-original-height="2000" data-original-width="2000" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgOhfDpNzE1gOm-fBshHkobiW01CBN_YHQgxK_E3xYvJQ8WqepnMFKsT7-ngJeE3eNAPzwX5C-Ew_WZNG71P8qIOVTQbuo3-zldHq3NKGZ04aZH3UEcxi6Yht1Qi9e2SsRmDRovtIaRm0j2SKJ69F0MtDlHZFMsHuUwIAm2upQJud6ZjKSmDtRb2kDZyg/w640-h640/FE-Height---01.jpg" title="Hose Connection Installation Height" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Hose Connection Installation Height</span></td></tr></tbody></table><p></p><p><br /></p><h2 style="text-align: left;"><b><span style="color: #ff00fe; font-family: arial; font-size: large;">Hose Stations Components & requirements:</span></b></h2><p><span style="font-family: arial;">Class II hose station shall contain the following components according to the following figure:</span></p><p></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiqSBeeuow1zHRlPNhqtvx6ovNp3FrLkELde2jaTaqXEFd177k1RX5w6AptbjLuCUBeHvVsRNPXd_rCumUtavAbzV8QGt06xzi0YhsrHudeZYC45EF5RXcY0DFIQEVJ5Ox5wTxk6b2lcXGx0MuNHjf-quejxcgzEP0F5PV1VWYbcKX5ARaL-sjA4H__vA/s2037/FIRE-HOSE-CABINET-COMPONENTS.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Class II Standpipe System Components" border="0" data-original-height="2037" data-original-width="2000" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiqSBeeuow1zHRlPNhqtvx6ovNp3FrLkELde2jaTaqXEFd177k1RX5w6AptbjLuCUBeHvVsRNPXd_rCumUtavAbzV8QGt06xzi0YhsrHudeZYC45EF5RXcY0DFIQEVJ5Ox5wTxk6b2lcXGx0MuNHjf-quejxcgzEP0F5PV1VWYbcKX5ARaL-sjA4H__vA/w628-h640/FIRE-HOSE-CABINET-COMPONENTS.jpg" title="Class II Standpipe System Components" width="628" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Class II Standpipe System Components</span></td></tr></tbody></table><h3 style="text-align: left;"><b style="color: red; font-family: arial; font-size: large;">1. Closets and Cabinets</b></h3><ul style="text-align: left;"><li style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Closet or cabinet shall be used for only fire equipment & shall be marked to indicate the contents.</span></li><li style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Within the cabinet, the hose connections shall be </span><span style="font-family: arial;">located so that there are at least 50 mm between any </span><span style="font-family: arial;">part of the cabinet, other than the door and the handle of the </span><span style="font-family: arial;">valve when the valve is in any position ranging from fully open </span><span style="font-family: arial;">to fully closed.</span></li></ul><p></p><h3 style="text-align: left;"><b><span style="color: red; font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">2. Hose</span></b></h3><p></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li><span style="font-family: arial;">Hose length shall not be more than 30.5 m</span></li><li><span style="font-family: arial;">Hose shall be listed.</span></li><li><span style="font-family: arial;">Size of 11∕2 in. lined, collapsible or noncollapsible,</span></li><li><span style="font-family: arial;">Where using 1" hose, a listed noncollapsible hose shall be used.</span></li></ul><p></p><h3 style="text-align: left;"><b><span style="color: red; font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">3. Hose Rack & Reel</span></b></h3><p></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li><span style="font-family: arial;">Where using 11∕2 in. hose, it shall be equipped with a listed rack or approved storage method.</span></li><li><span style="font-family: arial;">Where using 1" hose, it shall be equipped with a listed continuous flow reel.</span></li><li><span style="font-family: arial;">Each rack or storage facility for hoses shall be provided with a label that includes the wording “FIRE HOSE FOR USE BY TRAINED PERSONNEL” and operating instructions.</span></li></ul><p></p><h3 style="text-align: left;"><b style="color: red;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">4. Nozzle</span></b></h3><p></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li><span style="font-family: arial;">Nozzles shall be listed.</span></li></ul><p></p><h3 style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: red; font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><b>5. Hose Connections</b></span></h3><p></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li><span style="font-family: arial;">Hose valves shall be listed.</span></li><li><span style="font-family: arial;">Hose connections shall be located so that there is at least 76.2 mm clearance between any adjacent object and the handle of the valve when the valve is in any position ranging from fully open to fully closed.</span></li></ul><p></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></p><h2 style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: #ff00fe; font-family: arial; font-size: large;">Minimum Flow Rate.</span></h2><p><span style="font-family: arial;">The minimum flow rate for the </span><span style="font-family: arial;">hydraulically most remote Class II hose connection shall be 100 gpm</span><span style="font-family: arial;">.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;"><b><u>Note that:</u></b> Additional flow shall not be required where more </span><span style="font-family: arial;">than one hose connection is provided.</span></p><h2 style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: #ff00fe; font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Minimum Design Pressure</span><span style="font-family: arial;">. </span></span></h2><p><span style="font-family: arial;">Hydraulically designed standpipe systems shall be </span><span style="font-family: arial;">designed to provide the waterflow rate of 100 gpm </span><span style="font-family: arial;">at a minimum residual pressure of </span><span style="font-family: arial;"> 65 psi (4.5 bar) at the outlet of the hydraulically most </span><span style="font-family: arial;">remote class II hose connection.</span></p><h2 style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: #ff00fe; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"><b>Maximum Pressure at Hose Connections</b></span></h2><p></p><span style="font-family: arial;"><ul style="text-align: left;"><li><span style="font-family: arial;">Where the residual pressure at the hose connection exceeds 100 psi, a listed pressure regulating device shall be provided to limit the residual pressure to 100 psi while flowing 100gpm.</span></li></ul><b><u>Note that:</u> </b>Above requirement shall not apply to </span><span style="font-family: arial;">the 11∕2 in. outlet on a 21∕2 in. × 11∕2 in. reducer & </span><span style="font-family: arial;">when there is no hose required.</span><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: arial;"><ul style="text-align: left;"><li><span style="font-family: arial;">Where the static pressure at the hose connection exceeds 175 psi, a listed pressure regulating device shall be provided to limit static and residual pressures at the hose connection to no more than 175 psi.</span></li></ul><br /></span><h3><span style="color: #ff00fe; font-family: arial; font-size: large;">Reference of the article:</span></h3><p><span style="font-family: arial;"><a href="https://www.nfpa.org/codes-and-standards/all-codes-and-standards/list-of-codes-and-standards/detail?code=14" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">NFPA 14</a> - 2019 edition (Standard for The Installation of Standpipe and Hose Systems)</span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></p><h3 style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: #ff00fe; font-family: arial; font-size: large;">Read Also:</span></h3><p><span style="font-family: arial;"><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2019/05/where-standpipe-system-is-required.html" target="_blank">Where Standpipe System is Required?!</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;"><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2019/08/FireDept.Connection.html" target="_blank">Fire Department Connection According to NFPA 14</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;"><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2021/12/floor-control-valve-assembly-where.html" target="_blank">Floor Control Valve Assembly According to NFPA 13</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;"><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2019/11/pipe-schedule-method-for-firefighting.html" target="_blank">Pipe Schedule Method According to NFPA 13</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;"><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2019/09/sprinkler-characteristics.html" target="_blank">Sprinkler Characteristics According to NFPA 13</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;"><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2019/09/sprinklers-in-electrical-rooms.html" target="_blank">Sprinklers in Electrical Rooms According to NFPA 13</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;"><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2018/11/return-bend-requirements-according-to.html" target="_blank">Return Bend Requirements According to NFPA 13</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;"><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2018/12/pipe-schedules-for-sprinklers-above.html" target="_blank">Pipe Schedules for Firefighting Sprinkler System According to NFPA 13</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;"><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2018/09/slope-for-sprinkler-system-piping.html" target="_blank">Sprinkler Piping Slope Requirements According to NFPA 13</a></span></p>Muhammad Mosadhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05468473036987685760noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6853632856711530111.post-82970990021849988072022-01-25T00:39:00.004+02:002022-01-25T00:39:59.074+02:00General Requirements of firefighting water tanks | NFPA 22<div class="separator"><h1 style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: red; font-family: arial;">Firefighting Water Tanks</span></h1><span style="font-family: arial;"></span></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEjdWfkJjr7aKYNdcgBF3ZILtCM25reDEfDHxwwtG9yIKxrxJyiDe7KrqBvjf3__jxmB_ZzsjzblvsRx69Ty7IIbP5ffP0SK3Jma-sAfI41mjs5N2KYC-cbeVvtN97QDx8cjAvYIqX3xhLgqrcOja1fvW3Eyx6J16YP7_SB966PRVUlEVkTG09fXnm1ofg=s1200" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Firefighting Water Tanks" border="0" height="335" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEjdWfkJjr7aKYNdcgBF3ZILtCM25reDEfDHxwwtG9yIKxrxJyiDe7KrqBvjf3__jxmB_ZzsjzblvsRx69Ty7IIbP5ffP0SK3Jma-sAfI41mjs5N2KYC-cbeVvtN97QDx8cjAvYIqX3xhLgqrcOja1fvW3Eyx6J16YP7_SB966PRVUlEVkTG09fXnm1ofg=w640-h335" title="Firefighting Water Tanks" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Firefighting Water Tanks</td></tr></tbody></table><h1 style="text-align: center;"><br /></h1><h2 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Types of Tanks used in firefighting</span></h2><h3 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Gravity Tank</span></h3><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">A storage tank that uses elevation as a source of pressure, which might be capable of providing the necessary head pressure to operate a fire suppression system or used to provide water to a fire pump.<br /></span><h3 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Suction Tank</span></h3><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">A tank that provides water to a fire pump for which a minimal amount of head pressure is provided.<br /></span><h3 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Break Tank</span></h3><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">A tank providing suction to a fire pump whose capacity is less than the fire protection demand (flow rate times flow duration).<br /></span><h3 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Pressure Tank</span></h3><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">A tank that uses air or some other gas under pressure as a means of expelling its contents.<br /></span><h3 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Bladder Tank</span></h3><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">A type of pressure tank containing air and water separated by a flexible membrane (bladder).<br /><br /></span><h2 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Firefighting Water Tank Material.</span></h2><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><u>Firefighting tank can be fabricated using one of the following materials:</u><br /><ul style="text-align: left;"><li><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Steel</span></li><li><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Wood</span></li><li><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Concrete</span></li><li><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Coated fabrics</span></li><li><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Fiberglass-reinforced plastic tanks.</span></li></ul></span><div><h2 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Sizing of firefighting water tank.</span></h2><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><ul style="text-align: left;"><li><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">A tank shall be sized so that the stored supply plus reliable automatic refill shall meet the system demand for the design duration.</span></li><li><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">A break tank shall be sized for a minimum duration of 15 minutes with the fire pump operating at 150 percent of rated capacity.</span></li></ul></span><h2 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Calculation of the net capacity of a firefighting tank.</span></h2><h3 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">For suction tanks:</span></h3></div><div><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">the net capacity shall be the number of gallons between the inlet of the overflow and the level of the vortex plate.<br /></span><h3 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">For all tanks other than suction tanks:</span></h3></div><div><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">the net capacity shall be the number of gallons between the inlet of the overflow and the discharge outlet.<br /></span><h2 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Connections for Use Other Than for Fire Protection.</span></h2><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Connections for other than fire protection shall be approved, and Pipe used for other than fire protection purposes shall be entirely separate from fire-service pipes and shall extend to an elevation inside the tank above that required for fire protection.<br /></span><h2 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Firefighting Water Tank Vent.</span></h2><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">A vent pipe shall have a cross-sectional area equal to a minimum of one-half the area of the discharge pipes or fill pipe, whichever is the larger.<br /></span><h2 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Filling of firefighting water tank:</span></h2><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><ul style="text-align: left;"><li><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">The water supply shall be capable of filling the minimum required fire protection volume within the tank in a maximum of 8 hours.</span></li><li><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">The tank shall be kept filled, and the water level shall never be more than 4 in. (102 mm) below the designated fire service level.</span></li></ul></span><h2 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Discharge pipe sizing of firefighting water tank.</span></h2><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">The minimum discharge pipe sizing shall be based on the hydraulic demand of the systems attached to the tank but shall not be less than 6 in.<br /></span><h2 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Firefighting Water Tank Overflow.</span></h2><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><ul style="text-align: left;"><li><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">The overflow pipe shall have a capacity greater than the fill connection but shall not be less than 3 in. throughout.</span></li><li><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">The inlet of the overflow pipe shall be located at the top capacity line or high waterline.</span></li></ul></span><h2 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Firefighting Water Tank Drain.</span></h2><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">A drain pipe of at least 2 in. that is fitted with a controlling valve and a 1∕2 in. drip valve shall be connected into the tank discharge pipe near its base and on the tank side of all valves.<br /></span><h2 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Anti-Vortex Plate Assembly.</span></h2><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><ul style="text-align: left;"><li><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">The discharge outlet for every suction tank shall be equipped with an anti-vortex plate assembly.</span></li><li><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">For more information about the anti-vortex plate, its dimensions and requirements, please visit the link below:</span></li></ul><div style="text-align: center;"><b><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2019/06/anti-vortex-plate-according-to-nfpa-20.html" target="_blank">Anti-Vortex Plate requirements according to NFPA 20 & NFPA 22</a></b></div></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><h2 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">References of the article:</span></h2><div><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://catalog.nfpa.org/NFPA-22-Standard-for-Water-Tanks-for-Private-Fire-Protection-P1161.aspx" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">NFPA 22</a> - 2018 edition (Standard for Water Tanks for Private Fire Protection).</span></div><div><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><h2 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Read Also:</span></h2><div><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2021/12/floor-control-valve-assembly-where.html" target="_blank">Floor Control Valve Assembly</a></span></div><div><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2021/12/sectional-drain-floor-control-valve.html" target="_blank">Sectional Drain Valve</a></span></div><div><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2019/11/pipe-schedule-method-for-firefighting.html" target="_blank">Pipe Schedule Method</a></span></div><div><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2019/09/sprinkler-characteristics.html" target="_blank">Firefighting Sprinkler Characteristics</a></span></div><div><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2019/09/sprinklers-in-electrical-rooms.html" target="_blank">Firefighting Sprinklers in Electrical Rooms </a></span></div><div><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2019/08/fire-department-connection.html" target="_blank">Fire Department Connection</a></span></div><div><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /></span><br /></div>Muhammad Mosadhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05468473036987685760noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6853632856711530111.post-42510710820178500952022-01-08T10:42:00.005+02:002024-01-08T19:57:52.721+02:00Protection of Rack Storage Using In-Rack Sprinklers | NFPA 13<h1 style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"> <b style="color: #050505; font-family: "Segoe UI Historic", "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: pre-wrap;"><u>Chapter 25: Protection of Rack Storage Using In-Rack </u></b><b style="color: #050505; font-family: "Segoe UI Historic", "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: pre-wrap;"><u>Sprinklers</u></b></span></h1><div dir="auto" style="background-color: white; color: #050505; font-family: "Segoe UI Historic", "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; white-space: pre-wrap;"><b><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjvaX2bl5JCTo0aFjfq_U8wG6i_nbYN1fT8XRPNCbm4HA11xYwmcvmmkDmQykBz-3DdteZHy6mPs0TROBGj-krOpc9RasWJtWQpRZ2eZPAxbeFRRiEvRmIoKt7caOTRytgXCXAYyeznV4q9NAhNTAS6omXP0HZ4wbBxKi66yejzFJQeWgTGqL4R6TSEWA/s1200/in-rack-sprinkler.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Protection of Rack Storage Using In-Rack Sprinklers | NFPA 13" border="0" data-original-height="628" data-original-width="1200" height="334" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjvaX2bl5JCTo0aFjfq_U8wG6i_nbYN1fT8XRPNCbm4HA11xYwmcvmmkDmQykBz-3DdteZHy6mPs0TROBGj-krOpc9RasWJtWQpRZ2eZPAxbeFRRiEvRmIoKt7caOTRytgXCXAYyeznV4q9NAhNTAS6omXP0HZ4wbBxKi66yejzFJQeWgTGqL4R6TSEWA/w640-h334/in-rack-sprinkler.jpg" title="Protection of Rack Storage Using In-Rack Sprinklers | NFPA 13" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Protection of Rack Storage Using In-Rack Sprinklers | NFPA 13</td></tr></tbody></table><br /><u><br /></u></b></div><div dir="auto" style="background-color: white; color: #050505; font-family: "Segoe UI Historic", "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; white-space: pre-wrap;"><b><u><br /></u></b></div>
<div class="kvgmc6g5 cxmmr5t8 oygrvhab hcukyx3x c1et5uql ii04i59q" style="background-color: white; color: #050505; font-family: "Segoe UI Historic", "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div dir="auto" style="font-family: inherit; text-align: start;"><b>- ال chapter كله يشرح حماية ال racks في حاله كانت open racks فقط مع جزء خاص بال solid racks</b></div></div><div class="cxmmr5t8 oygrvhab hcukyx3x c1et5uql o9v6fnle ii04i59q" style="background-color: white; color: #050505; font-family: "Segoe UI Historic", "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0.5em 0px 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre-wrap;"></div><p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; margin: 0in 0.5in 0in 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; text-align: right; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -0.25in; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><b><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">ü<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">المساحة التي يتم حمايتها عن طريق نظام</span></b></span><span style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span dir="LTR" face=""Arial",sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR"></span> </span></b></span><span style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><b><span dir="LTR" face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">in-rack sprinkler
</span></b></span><span style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><b><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">واحد لا تزيد عن </span></b></span><a name="_Hlk92527428" style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span dir="LTR" face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="background: yellow; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-highlight: yellow;"><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR"></span>3720 m2</span></b></a></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: center; text-autospace: none; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Hlk92481079;"><b></b></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><b><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhZmMu96kPZXtnAlWI9HYRK4jYs1X4yzvHIyH93aMwIjARJZMV8FViO_zAk_WOFdIp_9Yvp0DPBg12i7nfnaelO04V3VfGhWAfgn5pPFJYmL4tGnVrMJl1qLfijJzhondoJKxl4PAhKLv5fV3FydTHhro86v0v5qx51nEWqnX8NCxm2_q8ePcPRA5ij=s908" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="106" data-original-width="908" height="83" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhZmMu96kPZXtnAlWI9HYRK4jYs1X4yzvHIyH93aMwIjARJZMV8FViO_zAk_WOFdIp_9Yvp0DPBg12i7nfnaelO04V3VfGhWAfgn5pPFJYmL4tGnVrMJl1qLfijJzhondoJKxl4PAhKLv5fV3FydTHhro86v0v5qx51nEWqnX8NCxm2_q8ePcPRA5ij=w640-h83" width="640" /></a></b></div><b><br /></b><span style="mso-bookmark: _Hlk92481079;"><b><span dir="LTR" face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></span><p></p>
<span style="mso-bookmark: _Hlk92481079;"></span>
<p class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: right; text-autospace: none; unicode-bidi: embed;"><b><span dir="LTR" face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><o:p> </o:p></span></b><a name="_Hlk92481292" style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><b><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">ü<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">يتم تركيب </span></b></a><span style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><b><span dir="LTR" face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">indicated control
valve & drain</span></b></span><span style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> لكل من نظام ال </span></b></span><span style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><b><span dir="LTR" face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">in-rack
sprinkler</span></b></span><span style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> ونظام ال </span></b></span><span style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><b><span dir="LTR" face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">ceiling
sprinkler</span></b></span><span style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> للتحكم فيه بشكل منفصل في حاله حدوث أي تلف في
شبكه ال </span></b></span><span style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><b><span dir="LTR" face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">in-rack sprinklers</span></b></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; margin: 0in 0.5in 0in 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; text-align: right; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -0.25in; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Hlk92481292;"><a name="_Hlk92527366"><!--[if !supportLists]--><b style="mso-ansi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">ü<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">يتم تركيب ال </span></b></a></span><span style="mso-bookmark: _Hlk92481292;"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Hlk92527366;"><b><span dir="LTR" face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">in-rack sprinkler</span></b></span></span><span style="mso-bookmark: _Hlk92481292;"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Hlk92527366;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> في ال </span></b></span></span><span style="mso-bookmark: _Hlk92481292;"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Hlk92527366;"><b><span dir="LTR" face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">racks</span></b></span></span><span style="mso-bookmark: _Hlk92481292;"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Hlk92527366;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span>
ويمكن تعرضها للتلف عن طريق معدات التخزين ال </span></b></span></span><span style="mso-bookmark: _Hlk92481292;"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Hlk92527366;"><b><span dir="LTR" face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">forklifts</span></b></span></span><span style="mso-bookmark: _Hlk92481292;"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Hlk92527366;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> <span lang="AR-EG">ولذلك يجب تركيب </span></span></b></span></span><span style="mso-bookmark: _Hlk92481292;"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Hlk92527366;"><b><span dir="LTR" face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">control valves</span></b></span></span><span style="mso-bookmark: _Hlk92481292;"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Hlk92527366;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> <span lang="AR-EG">بينها وبين ال </span></span></b></span></span><span style="mso-bookmark: _Hlk92481292;"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Hlk92527366;"><b><span dir="LTR" face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">ceiling sprinklers</span></b></span></span><span style="mso-bookmark: _Hlk92481292;"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Hlk92527366;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> <span lang="AR-EG">لسهوله التحكم فيها في حاله
حدوث ذلك وعدم تأثيرها على ال </span></span></b></span></span><span style="mso-bookmark: _Hlk92481292;"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Hlk92527366;"><b><span dir="LTR" face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">ceiling sprinklers<o:p></o:p></span></b></span></span></p>
<span style="mso-bookmark: _Hlk92527366;"></span>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhHLtcymDMP1LEMs2S6xX58Ojey1lcJH20Cglpg2q1SWjHyq7nUAB5-VbjJV-pT7x7g8UFqbBS5eis_DddxkRNPx4KuZUTgZIHgeb__Fyr6Hzj6rXMXrOGubLkIX_1fQE1tyTkvqr1vol8r1ZtmzO4eMViasuzwZ0cvrpSW2KBzxtQxv_oRsrQpT24F=s900" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="126" data-original-width="900" height="90" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhHLtcymDMP1LEMs2S6xX58Ojey1lcJH20Cglpg2q1SWjHyq7nUAB5-VbjJV-pT7x7g8UFqbBS5eis_DddxkRNPx4KuZUTgZIHgeb__Fyr6Hzj6rXMXrOGubLkIX_1fQE1tyTkvqr1vol8r1ZtmzO4eMViasuzwZ0cvrpSW2KBzxtQxv_oRsrQpT24F=w640-h90" width="640" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; margin: 0in 0.5in 0in 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; text-align: right; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -0.25in; unicode-bidi: embed;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><b style="mso-ansi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">ü<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">لا يتم تركيب</span></b><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span dir="LTR" face=""Arial",sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR"></span> </span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">control valves</span></b><b><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">خاص ال </span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">in-rack sprinkler</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> في حاله كان
عدد الرشاشات اقل من 20 رشاش</span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEjlHs92EdCHYMr-CmhVetHSBL0nLkLUZ7QVn-I-UDf8MN_CwMQ6iMBxLhnMd36IWyDCjgwhNH4JSVc1GfqOvcNBFzVExc8OQ_5ezxVLhn_V3ySagxl8IQM2EspqS6jmEipTTUWGFvK6uPhgC5MkWX2GpCzDi7NVAqxhWUf5PY3-saUEen7YYTjf5N-f=s912" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="66" data-original-width="912" height="66" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEjlHs92EdCHYMr-CmhVetHSBL0nLkLUZ7QVn-I-UDf8MN_CwMQ6iMBxLhnMd36IWyDCjgwhNH4JSVc1GfqOvcNBFzVExc8OQ_5ezxVLhn_V3ySagxl8IQM2EspqS6jmEipTTUWGFvK6uPhgC5MkWX2GpCzDi7NVAqxhWUf5PY3-saUEen7YYTjf5N-f=w640-h66" width="640" /></a><b><span dir="LTR" face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><b><span dir="LTR" face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><o:p><br /></o:p></span></b></div>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; margin: 0in 0.5in 0in 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; text-align: right; text-autospace: none; text-indent: -0.25in; unicode-bidi: embed;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><b style="mso-ansi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">ü<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">يتم استخدام </span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">sectional control valve</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span>
بدلا من ال </span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">indicated control valve</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> لفصل ال </span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">in-rack sprinkler</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> <span lang="AR-EG">عن ال </span></span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">ceiling
sprinklers</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> <span lang="AR-EG">في حاله وجود ال </span></span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">racks</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> في مساحه
تقل عن </span></b><b><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" lang="AR-SA" style="background: yellow; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-highlight: yellow;">740</span></b><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span dir="LTR" face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="background: yellow; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-highlight: yellow;"><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR"></span> m2</span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"> </span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>من المساحة المحمية عن طريق </span></b><b><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">ال </span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">ceiling
sprinklers<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEioxxR252498XfqDS86eE4unbWp3w6mXZuIJnZDFlHkiaH2g3F2E4FZOObBgm4pR5moE1XvHN8olistZcmXc-0n5RUTKoIgoNwOvmWdb1dXzAlN5Zn5wOO_UGfVgVhUPMdpR6BJCVcOAPB24RQjodkILBYpg-RzYBg-NnodsTkKCLl6KFfK1UNYYQdK=s887" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="112" data-original-width="887" height="99" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEioxxR252498XfqDS86eE4unbWp3w6mXZuIJnZDFlHkiaH2g3F2E4FZOObBgm4pR5moE1XvHN8olistZcmXc-0n5RUTKoIgoNwOvmWdb1dXzAlN5Zn5wOO_UGfVgVhUPMdpR6BJCVcOAPB24RQjodkILBYpg-RzYBg-NnodsTkKCLl6KFfK1UNYYQdK=w640-h99" width="640" /></a></div><p class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: right; text-autospace: none; unicode-bidi: embed;"><b><span dir="LTR" face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: center; text-autospace: none; unicode-bidi: embed;"><b><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="font-size: 12pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"></span></b></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><b><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhrXqq8gBpHaX7OidujIHFCcclZ6jDnqLzs0CQOmAWLJmfj08kZWnbqSE2xC0XpJ9M234U8k_K4fY-WxXAlk4_Ip2yq5D2KiH6s4_5hjNVjtxYJeeT0AnSLBUn7WgYwsDUUhSA1aR07NsR1v0enJcrqtA0XmdioiKXtdbD1_eKEjZOpgaheDKtpoML7=s973" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="818" data-original-width="973" height="359" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhrXqq8gBpHaX7OidujIHFCcclZ6jDnqLzs0CQOmAWLJmfj08kZWnbqSE2xC0XpJ9M234U8k_K4fY-WxXAlk4_Ip2yq5D2KiH6s4_5hjNVjtxYJeeT0AnSLBUn7WgYwsDUUhSA1aR07NsR1v0enJcrqtA0XmdioiKXtdbD1_eKEjZOpgaheDKtpoML7=w640-h359" width="640" /></a></b></div><b><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEjSwUhId9d_xi9ahdLLCXHdw5ySp5Fd6U9TCovccSA-ONSc0G1jrVEoKTweO8d2NUmEfl6mrErHm_trXLlsH-D323PPnR4uI1BPST9vB4GrAjjA96UFnH2b2J6DTCDEtnjZJ_kY8sM-at9uppSq3Vc_5ayn3ftvvFUBGvDCN0aIRS_YrsnyQhTtAhiA=s973" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="705" data-original-width="973" height="313" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEjSwUhId9d_xi9ahdLLCXHdw5ySp5Fd6U9TCovccSA-ONSc0G1jrVEoKTweO8d2NUmEfl6mrErHm_trXLlsH-D323PPnR4uI1BPST9vB4GrAjjA96UFnH2b2J6DTCDEtnjZJ_kY8sM-at9uppSq3Vc_5ayn3ftvvFUBGvDCN0aIRS_YrsnyQhTtAhiA=w640-h313" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhQcc5wnzOZOGZCFy9yejR_4YAms8w-4FTlIyVYGKOECiLB6BR0bYrUQPiSfKQ0Nf_SdnPvcB2_2DnFG9C7fKnDnl1Lv9x1J7szkJ3KrP-fcGLDsuwNoTohwy1PjnzyW6GwmbJuFn1u8XgtpD4d11FYPKrXyhzm2XNjtoVAzeV7rdXWhN0wpyGwgc7c=s970" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="715" data-original-width="970" height="389" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhQcc5wnzOZOGZCFy9yejR_4YAms8w-4FTlIyVYGKOECiLB6BR0bYrUQPiSfKQ0Nf_SdnPvcB2_2DnFG9C7fKnDnl1Lv9x1J7szkJ3KrP-fcGLDsuwNoTohwy1PjnzyW6GwmbJuFn1u8XgtpD4d11FYPKrXyhzm2XNjtoVAzeV7rdXWhN0wpyGwgc7c=w640-h389" width="640" /></a></div></b>Mohamed Nabilhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11548504266319459006noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6853632856711530111.post-3507420166843693492021-12-24T13:26:00.001+02:002023-04-25T21:59:38.446+02:00Sectional Drain & Floor Control Valve Assembly Drain - NFPA 13<h1 style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: red; font-family: arial;"><b> Sectional Drain & Floor Control Valve Assembly Drain</b></span></h1><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEgaGipokhlgw3oLjr_TwoWVKYGadyioK_g78_PlkldDygkz5bbiPUCuscyp6Evi-ILpNGrO8u8A6WETuM1vAWX6E-CtuVMMmuRXxScel-OgrsiBkrEJHgTMVPs3FVJA2rDwDRuC6Vf6t5MGLrZRJePoVL5X6aCFOGSuxOLz_fuWPXfx3UAqZFUb22DfXw=s1200" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Sectional Drain & Floor Control Valve Assembly Drain" border="0" data-original-height="628" data-original-width="1200" height="334" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEgaGipokhlgw3oLjr_TwoWVKYGadyioK_g78_PlkldDygkz5bbiPUCuscyp6Evi-ILpNGrO8u8A6WETuM1vAWX6E-CtuVMMmuRXxScel-OgrsiBkrEJHgTMVPs3FVJA2rDwDRuC6Vf6t5MGLrZRJePoVL5X6aCFOGSuxOLz_fuWPXfx3UAqZFUb22DfXw=w640-h334" title="Sectional Drain & Floor Control Valve Assembly Drain" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><p><span style="font-family: arial;"> Sectional Drain & Floor Control Valve Assembly Drain</span></p></td></tr></tbody></table><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;"><b>According to <a href="https://www.nfpa.org/codes-and-standards/all-codes-and-standards/list-of-codes-and-standards/detail?code=13" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">NFPA 13</a></b>, Provisions shall be made to properly drain all parts of the system.</span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;">In this article we will clarify the requirements to drain an interior section of the system or floor control valve.</span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;">Another article was published before about "Auxiliary Drain", you can check by clicking on the figure below.</span></p><p style="text-align: left;"></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2018/09/auxiliary-drain-for-firefighting.html" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" target="_blank"><img alt="Auxiliary Drain" border="0" data-original-height="628" data-original-width="1200" height="334" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhG5_GZ-Lk_kQzqmoLYAX1RyG0hfz7ZHIZQenSEZJXifmXnsihy7aiyYnBWIOy9gkiXOJnxrrU04En_lEySbVAf6vQ65rIm2v2ex8n9U9w3SUq7tLLVEzDsrgfkMLLbiDO24Tq11k8l8XqiCwdTUrAfmVQC-AzclVbFABMVjqhuvtnjAwkYCuUL_YncBQ=w640-h334" title="Auxiliary Drain" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Auxiliary Drain</span></td></tr></tbody></table><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;"><br /></span><p></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;">And now, let's start our article about "Sectional Drain".</span></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;"><br /></span></p><h2 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="font-size: large;">Sectional Drain Sizing.</span></span></h2><p><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="font-size: large;">Where an interior sectional or floor control valve is provided, it shall be provided with a drain connection having a minimum size as shown in Table below, to drain that portion of the system controlled by the sectional valve.</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;"></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEjKCKGODE7uU8IGdZLYTqyWZiVoUlnjyvTfKwuWslZOnNWViwsBGyhdfmvoinG9_E3NgIRA0RUpkjGdsi3KZuSRQqmrZ5KsnQitqrqlDn569PeTclBFCc6DaMBLZdpSBELe-q48_5YKbIgNQnkb57Di0omEYir2xb3LlW0JwUauRui5h9egPZA6msV_pw=s1200" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Sectional Drain Sizing" border="0" data-original-height="520" data-original-width="1200" height="278" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEjKCKGODE7uU8IGdZLYTqyWZiVoUlnjyvTfKwuWslZOnNWViwsBGyhdfmvoinG9_E3NgIRA0RUpkjGdsi3KZuSRQqmrZ5KsnQitqrqlDn569PeTclBFCc6DaMBLZdpSBELe-q48_5YKbIgNQnkb57Di0omEYir2xb3LlW0JwUauRui5h9egPZA6msV_pw=w640-h278" title="Sectional Drain Sizing" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Sectional Drain Sizing</td></tr></tbody></table><p></p><h2 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="font-size: large;">Drain Riser Sizing.</span></span></h2><p><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="font-size: large;">Where drain connections for floor control valves are tied into a common drain riser, the drain riser shall be one pipe size larger downstream of each size drain connection tying into as illustrated in the figure below..</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;"></span></p><span style="font-family: arial;"><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjZCUuKs8sbTonyv62O1VvWyHVohUGYAFpCm7Bz0WOX__B9yIOYv6IbMclZwD3PGD8Rji-niEvng6I_MN7g_Ej-pZkpDm-RzpIjsgQRNOOxxezcwXiNwIJ4qzy9bkJSg45LFtC2JkSE17Yq3P2RSHLNErtDPU4g6nLMrQ4F-p17Dvp4QE6MmfEq5Y4mnQ/s2000/sectional-drain-BLOG-02.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Drain Riser Sizing According to NFPA 13" border="0" data-original-height="2000" data-original-width="2000" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjZCUuKs8sbTonyv62O1VvWyHVohUGYAFpCm7Bz0WOX__B9yIOYv6IbMclZwD3PGD8Rji-niEvng6I_MN7g_Ej-pZkpDm-RzpIjsgQRNOOxxezcwXiNwIJ4qzy9bkJSg45LFtC2JkSE17Yq3P2RSHLNErtDPU4g6nLMrQ4F-p17Dvp4QE6MmfEq5Y4mnQ/w640-h640/sectional-drain-BLOG-02.jpg" title="Drain Riser Sizing According to NFPA 13" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Drain Riser Sizing According to NFPA 13</td></tr></tbody></table><br /><span style="font-family: arial; text-align: left;"></span></td></tr></tbody></table><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></span><p></p><h2 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;">General Requirements for Sectional Drain.</span></h2><p><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;">Drains shall discharge outside or to a drain connection capable of handling the flow of the drain.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="font-size: large;">For those drains serving pressure-reducing valves, the drain, drain connection, and all other downstream drain piping shall be sized to permit a flow of at least the greatest system demand supplied by the pressure-reducing valve.</span></span></p><h2 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="font-size: large;">References of the article:</span></span></h2><p><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.nfpa.org/codes-and-standards/all-codes-and-standards/list-of-codes-and-standards/detail?code=13" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">NFPA 13</a> - 2019 edition (Standard for the installation of Sprinkler System).</span></span></p><h2 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="font-size: large;">Read Also:</span></span></h2><p><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2021/12/floor-control-valve-assembly-where.html" target="_blank">Floor Control Valve Assembly</a></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2019/11/pipe-schedule-method-for-firefighting.html" target="_blank">Pipe Schedule Method</a></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2019/09/sprinkler-characteristics.html" target="_blank">Sprinkler Characteristics according to NFPA 13</a></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2019/09/sprinklers-in-electrical-rooms.html" target="_blank">Sprinkler Installation in Electrical Rooms</a></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2018/09/small-room-sprinkler-design.html" target="_blank">Sprinkler Installation in Small Rooms</a></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2018/10/sprinkler-positioning-in-angled.html" target="_blank">Sprinkler Installation in Angled Rooms</a></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2018/11/return-bend-requirements-according-to.html" target="_blank">Return Bend Requirements For Firefighting Sprinklers</a></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;"><br /></span></p><p><br /></p>Muhammad Mosadhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05468473036987685760noreply@blogger.com6tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6853632856711530111.post-13089933926413210412021-12-06T22:51:00.004+02:002021-12-06T22:55:28.886+02:00Floor Control Valve Assembly, where required and where not?!<h1 style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: red; font-family: arial; font-size: x-large;">Floor Control Valve Assembly For Combined Risers</span></h1><div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></span></div><div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEjw3LhvWjcWu86Fx-IXuWtTUk_bwlH1lTw1uG-B_3oJZigvbq8cjNyrS3eGJzWv__t2365kJJrT8DRlQ6qw-_kTfcuTEPbv-9tADSZgA8ckNZvYAVOaakCfJU4MQz4CLkZ2JcwdYn3tGhTwKzseejMjAfeY_JXhwAhbwDKFTxabvQsWOBdSu-Gs03ZQxg=s2048" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><img alt="Floor Control Valve Assembly" border="0" data-original-height="1072" data-original-width="2048" height="334" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEjw3LhvWjcWu86Fx-IXuWtTUk_bwlH1lTw1uG-B_3oJZigvbq8cjNyrS3eGJzWv__t2365kJJrT8DRlQ6qw-_kTfcuTEPbv-9tADSZgA8ckNZvYAVOaakCfJU4MQz4CLkZ2JcwdYn3tGhTwKzseejMjAfeY_JXhwAhbwDKFTxabvQsWOBdSu-Gs03ZQxg=w640-h334" title="Floor Control Valve Assembly" width="640" /></span></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Floor Control Valve Assembly</span></td></tr></tbody></table><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></span><h2 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="font-size: large;">Floor control valve assembly components:</span></span></h2><div style="text-align: left;"><ul style="text-align: left;"><li><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: x-large;">Floor Control Valve with supervisory switch</span></li><li><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: x-large;">Check valve</span></li><li><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: x-large;">Main drain valve</span></li><li><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: x-large;">Pressure Gauge</span></li><li><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: x-large;">Flow switch</span></li></ul></div><div><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div><h2 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;">Where required?!</span></h2><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;">Floor control valve assembly shall be provided in buildings exceeding two stories.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><h2 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;">Where not required?!</span></h2><div style="text-align: left;"><ul style="text-align: left;"><li><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;">Floor control valves assembly is not required for dry systems in parking garages.</span></li></ul></div><div><ul style="text-align: left;"><li><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;">Floor control valve assembly shall not be required where sprinklers on the top level of a multistory building are supplied by piping on the floor below.</span></li></ul></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;"><ul style="text-align: left;"><li><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;">Floor control valve assembly shall not be required where the total area of all floors combined does not exceed the system protection area limitations of required by NFPA 13.</span></li></ul><br /></span></div><h3 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: red;"><u>Note that:</u></span></b> System protection area limitation according to NFPA 13 is <u>as followings:</u></span></h3><div><ul style="text-align: left;"><li><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;">For light hazard occupancies is 4830 m2.</span></li><li><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;">For ordinary hazard occupancies is 4830 m2.</span></li><li><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;">For Extra hazard occupancies is 3720 m2.</span></li><li><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;">For high piled storage is 3720 m2.</span></li><li><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;">For in-rack storage is 3720 m2.</span></li></ul><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div><h3 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;"><span style="color: red;"><u><b>Note that:</b></u></span> Where individual floor/zone control valves are not provided, a flanged joint or mechanical coupling shall be used at the riser at each floor for connections to piping serving floor areas in excess of 465 m2.</span></h3></div></div></div><div><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><h2 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;"><u>References of the article:</u></span></h2><div><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.nfpa.org/codes-and-standards/all-codes-and-standards/list-of-codes-and-standards/detail?code=13" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">NFPA 13</a> - 2019 edition (Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems).</span></div><div><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><h2 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;"><u>Read Also:</u></span></h2><div><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2019/11/pipe-schedule-method-for-firefighting.html" target="_blank">Pipe Schedule Method</a></span></div><div><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2019/09/sprinkler-characteristics.html" target="_blank">Sprinkler Characteristics According to NFPA 13</a></span></div><div><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2019/09/sprinklers-in-electrical-rooms.html" target="_blank">Sprinkler in Electrical Rooms</a></span></div><div><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2018/12/pipe-schedules-for-sprinklers-above.html" target="_blank">Pipe Schedules for Sprinklers Above & Below Ceiling</a></span></div><div><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2018/09/auxiliary-drain-for-firefighting.html" target="_blank">Auxiliary Drain For firefighting Sprinkler System</a></span></div><div><br /></div><div><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: red; font-family: arial; font-size: x-large;"><b><br /></b></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: red; font-family: arial; font-size: x-large;"><b>Fire Protection Specialists</b></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;"><b>Keeping_You_Up_To_Code</b></span></div><div><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>Muhammad Mosadhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05468473036987685760noreply@blogger.com5tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6853632856711530111.post-59714572504350272882021-05-08T22:56:00.003+02:002022-07-21T10:38:27.808+02:00Carbon Dioxide Fire Extinguishers (CO2) According to NFPA 10<h1 style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: red; font-family: arial; font-size: x-large;"><b> Carbon Dioxide Fire Extinguishers</b></span></h1><p style="text-align: center;"></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgdAOks9cZ6M5_w5E7c-VQnALfP0dkkMJw2R64yU_l0kacAD1qBl9wQ6piPm84f3z37vDcVfsZShHyh5RF6TZ0Np2t6rHb3ZbR4pm3uu-7fHejzU5_ppCOcaoNZAKxhmOcEEMwFQwE_s4od/s1200/CO2-FIRE-EXTINGUISHER-BLOG.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="CO2 Fire Extinguishers According to NFPA" border="0" data-original-height="628" data-original-width="1200" height="334" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgdAOks9cZ6M5_w5E7c-VQnALfP0dkkMJw2R64yU_l0kacAD1qBl9wQ6piPm84f3z37vDcVfsZShHyh5RF6TZ0Np2t6rHb3ZbR4pm3uu-7fHejzU5_ppCOcaoNZAKxhmOcEEMwFQwE_s4od/w640-h334/CO2-FIRE-EXTINGUISHER-BLOG.jpg" title="CO2 Fire Extinguishers According to NFPA" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">CO2 Fire Extinguishers According to NFPA</td></tr></tbody></table><br /><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /></span><p></p><br /><h2 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;">Carbon Dioxide Agent:</span></h2><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;">Carbon dioxide is a compressed gas agent and is commonly referred to as CO2, the agent is retained as a liquid at 800 to 900 psi at temperatures below 31°C, and is self-expelling. <br /><br /></span><h2 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;">Matching Hazard to carbon dioxide extinguishers:</span></h2><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;">Although rated for use on Class B and C fires, it is often effectively used on small Class A fires. <br /><br /></span><h2 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;">How Carbon Dioxide Extinguishes Fire?</span></h2><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;"><ol style="text-align: left;"><li><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;">Carbon dioxide prevents combustion by displacing the oxygen in the air surrounding a fire.</span></li><li><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;">Cooling the fuel, The rapid expansion and pressure reduction of the pressurized liquid carbon dioxide in the cylinder results in the cooling and refrigeration effect. </span></li></ol><br /></span><h2 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;">Advantages:</span></h2><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;"><ul style="text-align: left;"><li><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;">CO2 extinguishers don't leave a residue, a consideration that may be important in laboratories and in areas in which food is prepared or electronic equipment is present. </span></li></ul><br /></span><h2 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;">Disadvantages</span></h2><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;"><ul style="text-align: left;"><li><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;">CO2 extinguishers have a relatively short range because the agent is expelled in the form of a gas/snow cloud.</span></li><li><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;">CO2 extinguishers are affected by wind or drafts. </span></li><li><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;">If CO2 extinguishers are used in a confined or unventilated area, precautions should be taken so that people are not overcome from lack of oxygen. </span></li></ul><br /></span><h2 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;">Characteristics of CO2 Extinguishers:</span></h2><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;">For the various sizes, stream ranges, discharge times, temperature requirements, and ratings of carbon dioxide extinguishers available, see the below table:</span><div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgGaiC3nxFuqpKbf2niJW8w1bhbmQnA6muW1GauVwM2UBucAWz7-sNeWoiu3nrH9bzE61G2sfjKC0X4rVB71Vl9UlSbc4xMyEpBLJwZrNdVfmg3ZKWb6vrVE79D6hJjyAzf07TmOrELyzMx/s1200/CO2-FIRE-EXTINGUISHER-CHARACHTERISTICS.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="CO2 FIRE EXTINGUISHER CHARACTERISTICS" border="0" data-original-height="779" data-original-width="1200" height="416" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgGaiC3nxFuqpKbf2niJW8w1bhbmQnA6muW1GauVwM2UBucAWz7-sNeWoiu3nrH9bzE61G2sfjKC0X4rVB71Vl9UlSbc4xMyEpBLJwZrNdVfmg3ZKWb6vrVE79D6hJjyAzf07TmOrELyzMx/w640-h416/CO2-FIRE-EXTINGUISHER-CHARACHTERISTICS.jpg" title="CO2 FIRE EXTINGUISHER CHARACTERISTICS" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">CO2 FIRE EXTINGUISHER CHARACTERISTICS</td></tr></tbody></table><br /><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;"><br /><br /></span><h2 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;">CO2 Extinguisher Components:</span></h2><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;"><ol style="text-align: left;"><li><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;">pressure cylinder, or shell</span></li><li><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;">siphon tube </span></li><li><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;">valve for releasing the agent</span></li><li><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;">discharge horn or horn-hose combination. </span></li></ol><br /></span><h2 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;">How to operate CO2 Fire Extinguisher:</span></h2><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;"><ul style="text-align: left;"><li><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;">Hold the CO2 extinguisher upright by its carrying handle, remove the locking pin, and squeeze the operating lever.</span></li><li><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;">In smaller portable models, the discharge horn often is connected to the valve assembly by a metal tube/swing joint connector, it may be operated with one hand. </span></li><li><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;">Larger portable models require two hands, and their discharge horns are attached to a length of hose. </span></li><li><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;">Wheeled extinguishers have a cylinder valve with a locking ring pin, a long hose of (4 to 12 m), and a projector that consists of a horn, a long handle, and a control valve. Once the cylinder valve has been opened, the operator controls the discharge with the valve on the projector handle. </span></li></ul></span><br /><br /><h2 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;">References of this article:</span></h2></div><div><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.nfpa.org/codes-and-standards/all-codes-and-standards/list-of-codes-and-standards/detail?code=10" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">NFPA-10</a> - 2018 edition (Standard for Portable Fire Extinguishers)</span></div><div><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div><article style="background-color: white; font-family: Nunito; margin-top: 15px; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><div class="post-body entry-content" id="post-body-1714853952053834165" itemprop="articleBody" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5em; outline: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline; width: 721.719px;"><div dir="ltr" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline;"><h3 style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: Oswald; letter-spacing: 1px; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0px 0px 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; text-align: left; text-transform: uppercase; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: arial; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: black; font-size: large;"><b>Read also:</b></span></span></h3></div><div dir="ltr" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-family: arial; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: black; font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2019/11/pipe-schedule-method-for-firefighting.html" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline;" target="_blank">Pipe Schedule Method According to NFPA13</a><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2019/09/sprinkler-characteristics.html" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline;" target="_blank">Sprinkler Characteristics According to NFPA 13</a><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2018/12/pipe-schedules-for-sprinklers-above.html" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline;" target="_blank">Pipe Schedules for Sprinklers Above & Below Ceiling</a><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2018/09/auxiliary-drain-for-firefighting.html" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline;" target="_blank">Auxiliary Drain For firefighting Sprinkler System</a><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2019/09/sprinklers-in-electrical-rooms.html" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline;" target="_blank">Sprinklers in Electrical Rooms According to NFPA 13</a><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2019/08/fire-department-connection.html" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline;" target="_blank">Fire Department Connection According to NFPA 13</a><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2018/11/seismic-separation-assembly-according.html" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline;">Seismic Separation Assembly According to NFPA 13</a><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2018/11/return-bend-requirements-according-to.html" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline;" target="_blank">Return Bend Requirements According to NFPA 13</a><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2018/10/distance-below-ceiling-for-standard.html" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline;" target="_blank">Distance Below Ceiling for Standard Spray Sprinklers<br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /></a><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2018/09/small-room-sprinkler-design.html" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline;" target="_blank">Sprinkler Distribution According to NFPA 13</a></span></span></div></div></article><br /></div>Muhammad Mosadhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05468473036987685760noreply@blogger.com5tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6853632856711530111.post-32435086062223212142021-03-21T20:34:00.004+02:002021-12-24T15:40:00.373+02:00Heat Detector Spacing for high Ceiling According to NFPA 72 <h1 style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: red; font-family: arial;"> Heat Detector Spacing for high Ceiling According to NFPA 72 </span></h1><p class="MsoNormal" dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;"><b><span face=""Arial",sans-serif"><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhC7a6QhpspcFgDjpL_aXbhdjfbsmmpPAeUz31W971XgMIxp6fnVtnWgyZwf72_zS-hodLMQhLo_X1AMt-c6dgO7iN69Vng0-8cwwtubNbWzu2jtn9qnh9BnB4Y-SYBlT3_bCWMeVlOLkZCIx6R9zGI9THfxa6GPiW3HiiCcxJmiJMFhs4L9X200piLMA=s1200" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Heat Detector Spacing for high Ceiling According to NFPA 72" border="0" data-original-height="628" data-original-width="1200" height="334" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhC7a6QhpspcFgDjpL_aXbhdjfbsmmpPAeUz31W971XgMIxp6fnVtnWgyZwf72_zS-hodLMQhLo_X1AMt-c6dgO7iN69Vng0-8cwwtubNbWzu2jtn9qnh9BnB4Y-SYBlT3_bCWMeVlOLkZCIx6R9zGI9THfxa6GPiW3HiiCcxJmiJMFhs4L9X200piLMA=w640-h334" title="Heat Detector Spacing for high Ceiling According to NFPA 72" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;"> Heat Detector Spacing for high Ceiling According to NFPA 72 </span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;"><b><span face=""Arial",sans-serif"><span style="font-family: arial;">Note that: The below
article is based on smooth ceiling.</span></span></b></p><h2 style="text-align: left;"><b><span face=""Arial",sans-serif"><span style="font-family: arial;">How to determine the spacing of heat detectors?!</span></span></b></h2><p dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;">
<span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">To determine the
spacing of heat detectors, full-scale tests are performed where the heat
detectors are arranged in a square pattern installed on (3.1m x 3.1m) centers,
this arrangement places the centerline of the fire (2.2m) from the test
sprinklers. The basis for this approach takes into account that it is not known
where a fire will begin, so the test considers a fire in the center of a square
grid. It should be noted that the ceiling height used during these tests is
(4.8 meters), with no airflow, and the test sprinklers having an activation
temperature of (71.1°C). The (1,200 kW) ethanol/methanol fire is ignited and
the greatest heat detector spacing which activates before a sprinkler activates
is the listed spacing of the heat detector, for example a heat detector
installed on (15.2m x 15.2m) array receives a 15.2m listed spacing if responds to the test fire before the test sprinkler head operates</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="font-family: arial;">This standard
test is used to assign a heat detector with a relative indication of its thermal
response, with a number of variables being considered during this test<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" dir="ltr" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.25in;"></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li><span style="font-family: arial;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif">Fire size.<o:p></o:p></span></span></li><li><span style="font-family: arial;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif">Fire growth rate.<o:p></o:p></span></span></li><li><span style="font-family: arial;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif">Ambient temperature.<o:p></o:p></span></span></li><li><span style="font-family: arial;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif">Ceiling height.<o:p></o:p></span></span></li></ul><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="font-family: arial;">The test
typically provides activation within ~2 minutes 10 seconds.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="font-family: arial;"></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"></p><p dir="ltr" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="font-family: arial;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 15.6933px; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 15.6933px;"></span></span></span></p><p></p><div dir="ltr" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 15.6933px;">The blue circles represent sprinklers,<span> </span>whereas the orange diamonds represent the heat detectors and red Square is the ignited fire .</span></div><p class="MsoNormal" dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;"></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img alt="Heat Detector Spacing for high Ceiling According to NFPA 72" border="0" data-original-height="434" data-original-width="432" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjY6q3gyjQjNl4laoLA5UYKCv3JexuL_BAEHbXjFFGxyqdNtN4vS3_IKQ44dFzT0XXhUPijEKCtjqyuQhTXdG4AYIenGtBT-FHuthMmSFw3Kwz23jiakzXZ40hSrBoQXxd_IncmUtYCb3E/w399-h400/RFSpacingHighCeilings_Page13_Image1.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" title="Heat Detector Spacing for high Ceiling According to NFPA 72" width="399" /></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;"> Heat Detector Spacing for high Ceiling According to NFPA 72 </span></td></tr></tbody></table><div class="separator" dir="ltr" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjY6q3gyjQjNl4laoLA5UYKCv3JexuL_BAEHbXjFFGxyqdNtN4vS3_IKQ44dFzT0XXhUPijEKCtjqyuQhTXdG4AYIenGtBT-FHuthMmSFw3Kwz23jiakzXZ40hSrBoQXxd_IncmUtYCb3E/s434/RFSpacingHighCeilings_Page13_Image1.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: arial;"></span></a></div><div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /><span face=""Arial",sans-serif"><br /></span></span></div><p dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;"></p><div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;"><b><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="font-family: arial;">What is the
reason that detector spacing must be reduced for ceiling higher than 3m?</span></b></div>
<p class="MsoNormal" dir="ltr" style="text-align: justify;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="font-family: arial;">The
Speed of response of a heat detector depends on both the temperature of the
ceiling jet gas and the speed of the ceiling jet flow. The higher the gas temperature
and flow velocity are, the more rapid the heat detector response. As the fire
plume rises, it cools due to fresh air entrainment and volumetric expansion. As
the plume cools, its buoyancy is reduced and its upward velocity decrease.
These cooling and velocity loss phenomena continue after the plume turns and
forms a ceiling jet. The ceiling jet entrains cool air as it moves across the
ceiling. As the ceiling jet moves further from the plume centerline, its
velocity decrease, as does its temperature.<o:p></o:p></span></p><div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img alt="Heat Detector Spacing for high Ceiling According to NFPA 72" border="0" data-original-height="301" data-original-width="571" height="338" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgE4PG9L7hfyS2U4wR4T7raEQaYbbxrlMVa0-OFrMvois_R6Aas3gybQcVVfwBx1HGy4cj9p2J2a35zOgNcYGdjJ8EL00BwHNkLfWdq2ns7Z55g48tC2R7HVv_QiIiaMpT7ptlLfbSSt4Y/w640-h338/Plume.png" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" title="Heat Detector Spacing for high Ceiling According to NFPA 72" width="640" /></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;"> Heat Detector Spacing for high Ceiling According to NFPA 72 </span></td></tr></tbody></table><div class="separator" dir="ltr" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgE4PG9L7hfyS2U4wR4T7raEQaYbbxrlMVa0-OFrMvois_R6Aas3gybQcVVfwBx1HGy4cj9p2J2a35zOgNcYGdjJ8EL00BwHNkLfWdq2ns7Z55g48tC2R7HVv_QiIiaMpT7ptlLfbSSt4Y/s571/Plume.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: arial;"></span></a></div><div class="separator" dir="ltr" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></div><p dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;"></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="font-family: arial;">In
case of a room with a high ceiling, the plume is cooler and slower, yielding a
ceiling jet that is both cooler and moving at a slower initial velocity.
Consequently, if all other variables are held constant, heat detectors
installed on high ceiling experience lower temperature at lower velocities than
when they are installed on lower ceiling, one way to compensate for the cooler
and slower flow of the ceiling jet at high ceiling elevations is to move the
detector closer together and accordingly, closer to the fire plume centerline,
where velocity and temperature will be higher. To attain a roughly equivalent
response to one obtained at normal ceiling height 3m, the detector spacing must
be reduced for high ceiling with reference to NFPA 72. <o:p></o:p></span></p><div class="separator" dir="ltr" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<h2 style="text-align: left;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="font-family: arial;">Reduction
spacing based on Ceiling height with reference to NFPA 72. </span></h2></div><p dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;"></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img alt="Heat Detector Spacing for high Ceiling According to NFPA 72" border="0" data-original-height="465" data-original-width="572" height="325" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhV056WPRDf7bt1iqQKYHXQHviMsN_TTxx3kQSmx3GJe86Wb6t3EEiDORc7QNY1h5bGp15M9f8o-ek5a2FQDlW4VlAiwHwwioNp68VG1biMeKtPP8C90NPmSPdyDBjsvdJXQFAYJYOOytY/w400-h325/NFPA+Table.png" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" title="Heat Detector Spacing for high Ceiling According to NFPA 72" width="400" /></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;"> Heat Detector Spacing for high Ceiling According to NFPA 72 </span></td></tr></tbody></table><div class="separator" dir="ltr" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhV056WPRDf7bt1iqQKYHXQHviMsN_TTxx3kQSmx3GJe86Wb6t3EEiDORc7QNY1h5bGp15M9f8o-ek5a2FQDlW4VlAiwHwwioNp68VG1biMeKtPP8C90NPmSPdyDBjsvdJXQFAYJYOOytY/s572/NFPA+Table.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: arial;"></span></a></div><div class="separator" dir="ltr" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></div><p dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;"></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="font-family: arial;">However, there
is a table that allows for reduction of spacing for heat detection, NFPA 72, National
Fire Alarm and Signaling Code, does not address spacing consideration for smoke
detection based on ceiling heights.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></p><h2 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial;">References of the article:</span></h2><p class="MsoNormal" dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><a href="https://catalog.nfpa.org/NFPA-72-National-Fire-Alarm-and-Signaling-Code-2016-Edition-P17361.aspx?icid=D533" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">NFPA 72 - 2016</a> edition (National Fire Alarm and Signaling Code)</span></p><h2 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Read Also:</span></h2><p class="MsoNormal" dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2020/09/heat-detectors-NFPA72.html" target="_blank">Heat Detectors requirements according to NFPA 72</a></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2021/05/carbon-dioxide-fire-extinguishers-co2.html" target="_blank">Carbon Dioxide Fire Extinguishers according to NFPA 10</a></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2021/12/sectional-drain-floor-control-valve.html" target="_blank">Sectional Drain According to NFPA 13</a></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2018/09/auxiliary-drain-for-firefighting.html" target="_blank">Auxiliary Drain According to NFPA 13</a></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2019/11/pipe-schedule-method-for-firefighting.html" target="_blank">Pipe Schedule method according to NFPA 13</a></span></p>Ahmed Fawzihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14251554365878096392noreply@blogger.com6tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6853632856711530111.post-46576959552960808002020-09-11T11:25:00.000+02:002020-09-11T11:25:18.120+02:00Heat Detectors According to NFPA 72 - 2019 edition<div dir="ltr" trbidi="on">
<h2 style="text-align: center;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="color: red; font-family: arial; font-size: x-large;">Heat Detectors </span></h2>
<div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgqG5VCu3g3xGnrS3sAinJpZLPRWnE73UESEateLjIqFzsK2q4auxV8FMl3lYtedGG74M9drEDihDGtcHVuD8JoGvT0AP2NLAXk391I4oetiYqwuXuWP0CeIwJ5A_9VuyACPxVfi_EEh83H/s1200/Heat-Detector--blog.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Heat Detectors" border="0" data-original-height="628" data-original-width="1200" height="334" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgqG5VCu3g3xGnrS3sAinJpZLPRWnE73UESEateLjIqFzsK2q4auxV8FMl3lYtedGG74M9drEDihDGtcHVuD8JoGvT0AP2NLAXk391I4oetiYqwuXuWP0CeIwJ5A_9VuyACPxVfi_EEh83H/w640-h334/Heat-Detector--blog.jpg" title="Heat Detectors" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Heat Detector according to NFPA 72</span></td></tr></tbody></table><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-family: arial;"><br /><br /></span></div>
<div><b><u><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-family: arial;">Detector Definition according to NFPA72:</span></u></b></div><div>
<div>
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-family: arial;">A device suitable for connection to a circuit that has a sensor that responds to a physical stimulus such as gas, heat, or smoke.</span></div>
</div>
<div>
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></div>
<div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: arial;"><b><u><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Heat Detector </span></u></b><b><u><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Definition according to NFPA72</span></u></b><b><u><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">:</span></u></b></span></div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: arial;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">A fire detector that detects either abnormally high temperature or rate-of-temperature rise, or </span><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">both.</span></span></div></div><div><span style="font-family: arial;">
</span><h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-family: arial;"><b><u>Advantages of Heat Detectors:</u></b></span></h3>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<ul>
<li><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-family: arial;">Heat detectors are very reliable and have the lowest false alarm rate of all automatic fire detectors. </span></li>
</ul>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span face="arial, helvetica, sans-serif" style="font-family: arial;"><u>Applications of Heat Detectors:</u></span></h3>
<ul>
<li><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-family: arial;">They are best suited for fire detection in small confined spaces where rapidly building high-heat-output fires are expected, in areas where ambient conditions would not allow the use of other fire detection devices, or where very early warning of fire is not required. </span></li>
</ul>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span face="arial, helvetica, sans-serif" style="font-family: arial;"><u>How do Heat Detectors work?!</u></span></h3>
<ul>
<li><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-family: arial;">Heat detectors respond primarily to the convected thermal energy of a fire. </span></li>
<li><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-family: arial;">They operate either when the detecting element reaches a predetermined fixed temperature or when a specified rate of temperature change occurs.</span></li>
</ul>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" style="font-family: arial;"><u>What are the required approvals for Heat Detectors?!</u></span></h3>
<ul>
<li><span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" style="font-family: arial;">Heat sensing fire detectors shall be listed in accordance with applicable standards such as ANSI/UL 521 </span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<b><u><span style="font-family: arial;">Types of Heat Detectors:</span></u></b></h3>
</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<h4 style="text-align: left;">
<u><span style="font-family: arial;">1- Fixed Temperature Heat Detectors: </span></u></h4>
</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-family: arial;"><div>
Fixed-temperature heat detectors are designed to alarm when the temperature of the operating element reaches a specified point.</div>
</span></li>
<li><span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" style="font-family: arial;">There are different types of fixed temperature heat detectors such as fusible element type, continuous line type, and bimetallic type.</span></li>
</ul>
<h4 style="text-align: left;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-family: arial;"><u>2- Rate-of-Rise (ROR) Heat Detectors:</u></span></h4>
<h4 style="text-align: left;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-family: arial;"><div style="text-align: left;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<ul style="font-weight: 400;">
<li><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">A device that responds when the temperature rises at a rate exceeding a predetermined value.</span></li>
<li><span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><span face="arial, helvetica, sans-serif">Why do we use ROR heat detectors?</span><br /><span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">One effect that a flaming fire has on the surrounding area is to rapidly increase air temperature in the space above the fire, </span></span><span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Fixed-temperature heat detectors will not initiate an alarm until the air temperature near the ceiling exceeds the design operating point. The rate-of-rise detector, however, will function when the rate of temperature increase exceeds a predetermined value, typically around (7 to 8°C) per minute. Rate-of-rise detectors are designed to compensate for the normal changes in ambient temperature (less than [6.7°C] per minute) that are expected under nonfire conditions.</span></li>
<li><span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">There are two types of ROR heat detectors: Line type, and spot type.</span></li>
</ul>
</div>
</span></h4>
<h4 style="text-align: left;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-family: arial;"><u>3- Rate Compensation Heat Detectors: </u></span></h4>
</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-family: arial;"><div>
A rate compensation detector is a device that responds when the temperature of the surrounding air reaches a predetermined level, with the rate of temperature rise having minimal effect on response (low thermal lag). This makes them rather sensitive fixed-temperature detectors.</div>
</span></li>
</ul>
<h4 style="text-align: left;">
<span face="arial, helvetica, sans-serif" style="font-family: arial;"><u>4- Combination Fixed Temperature / Rate of Rise detectors:</u></span></h4></div><div style="text-align: left;"><ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-family: arial;">Combination fixed-temperature/rate-of-rise detectors contain more than one element that responds to a fire. </span></li>
<li><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-family: arial;">These detectors may be designed to respond from either element or from the combined partial or complete response of both elements. </span></li>
<li><span face="arial, helvetica, sans-serif" style="font-family: arial;">Its advantage is that the rate-of-rise element will respond quickly to a rapidly developing fire, while the fixed-temperature element will respond to a slowly developing fire when the detecting element reaches its set point temperature.</span></li>
</ul>
<h4 style="text-align: left;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-family: arial;"><u>5- Electronic Spot-Type Heat Detectors:</u></span></h4>
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-family: arial;"><ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">A thermoelectric effect detector is a device that utilizes a sensing element consisting of one or more thermistors, which produce a change in electrical resistance in response to an increase in temperature. This resistance change is monitored by associated electronic circuitry, and the detector responds when the resistance changes at an abnormal rate (rate-of-rise type) or when the resistance reaches a specific value (fixed-temperature type).</span></li>
</ul>
</span></div>
</div>
<h3 style="text-align: left;"><b><u><span style="font-family: arial;">Temperature Classification and Color Code for Heat Detectors:</span></u></b></h3><div style="text-align: left;"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="font-weight: bold; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhjCU4tcYAL9zpTklmQ1ikOPzlmlVtSY3xQK8QkEoQyjtvLrL4DskMurhrj4LGKAJqTlUoDdemGLHXlSmdpXCIgYPSrdHzYkU-P1EEaUuoMNBc1MpjaONY4_yAvxJ5-v980uVjgklGo6yB3/s2037/Temperature.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Temperature Classification and Color Code for Heat Detectors" border="0" data-original-height="2037" data-original-width="2000" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhjCU4tcYAL9zpTklmQ1ikOPzlmlVtSY3xQK8QkEoQyjtvLrL4DskMurhrj4LGKAJqTlUoDdemGLHXlSmdpXCIgYPSrdHzYkU-P1EEaUuoMNBc1MpjaONY4_yAvxJ5-v980uVjgklGo6yB3/w628-h640/Temperature.jpg" title="Temperature Classification and Color Code for Heat Detectors" width="628" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><h3 style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: x-small;">Temperature Classification and Color Code for Heat Detectors</span></span></h3><div style="text-align: left;"></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div><h3 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><u>References:</u></span></h3><span style="font-family: arial;">1- <a href="https://www.nfpa.org/codes-and-standards/all-codes-and-standards/list-of-codes-and-standards/detail?code=72" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">NFPA 72</a> - 2019 edition (National Fire Alarm and Signaling Code®)</span></div><div dir="ltr" trbidi="on"><span style="font-family: arial;">2- Fire Protection Handbook 20th edition.</span></div><div dir="ltr" trbidi="on"><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></div><div dir="ltr" trbidi="on"><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></div><div dir="ltr" trbidi="on"><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></div><div dir="ltr" trbidi="on"><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></div><div dir="ltr" trbidi="on"><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></div><span style="font-family: arial;"><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: red; font-size: x-large;"><b><u>Fire Protection Specialists</u></b></span></div></span><div style="text-align: center;" trbidi="on"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;"><b>Keeping You Up To Code</b></span></div>
Muhammad Mosadhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05468473036987685760noreply@blogger.com8tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6853632856711530111.post-21836918541024865452020-06-19T12:11:00.000+02:002020-06-19T12:14:47.596+02:00Wet Chemical Extinguishing System || NFPA 17A<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<h2 style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; text-align: start;"><span style="color: red; font-size: x-large;">Wet Chemical Extinguishing System</span></span></h2>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEikkfoqdC02uDEXtzPhF44uOGiTuL-LFFYKr9dutE3uyp3JIRgWh1MS9ElKwixdwZS6LsgFmTSD8j12xkx1OZdbri8jbWznLB9Tt4MeYhLjKLJLwAk4fqd7JIQJdm6OlegP-3BJXTJnLdbl/s1600/wet-chemical---blog.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Wet Chemical Extinguishing System" border="0" data-original-height="628" data-original-width="1200" height="334" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEikkfoqdC02uDEXtzPhF44uOGiTuL-LFFYKr9dutE3uyp3JIRgWh1MS9ElKwixdwZS6LsgFmTSD8j12xkx1OZdbri8jbWznLB9Tt4MeYhLjKLJLwAk4fqd7JIQJdm6OlegP-3BJXTJnLdbl/s640/wet-chemical---blog.jpg" title="Wet Chemical Extinguishing System" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption">Wet Chemical Extinguishing System</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">What is Wet Chemical Extinguishing System, its applications, and how it works?!</span></h3>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">It’s a fire suppression system designed to provide fire protection for :- </span><br />
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">Restaurant, commercial, and institutional hoods.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">Plenums , ducts and filters with their associated cooking appliances.</span></li>
</ul>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;"><br />System suppress fire by spraying the plenum area, the filters , cooking surfaces and exhaust duct system with a pre-determined flow rate by : </span><br />
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">Cooling the grease surface.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">React with the hot grease and forming a layer of soap like foam on the surface of the fat, this layer act as an insulation between the hot grease and the atmosphere, which helping to prevent the escape of combustible vapor.</span></li>
</ul>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;"><br />We can define this system as a pre-engineered system (NFPA 17A 3.3.13), which mean having predetermined:-</span><br />
<ul>
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">Flow rates. </span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">Nozzle pressure. </span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">Quantities of extinguishing agent.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">Specific pipe size.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">Max. and min. pipe length.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">Flexible hose specification.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">Numbers of fittings.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">Number and type of nozzles.</span></li>
</ul>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;"><br />So the system should listed by a testing laboratory, max. and min. pipe lengths and number of fittings should be permitted to be expressed in equivalent feet (meter) of pipe. The hazard protected by these systems should limited as to type and size based on actual fire test, limitations on hazards that are permitted to be protected by these systems are contained in the manufacturer’s design , installation, and maintenance manual, which is part of listing of the system.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">Wet Chemical Extinguishing System Components</span></h3>
<h4 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">1- Detectors</span></h4>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiEMPK9UFhvgLcg85svXLIY-s8ffHyT7OabLoMlakuDImCoUqwHAYADe6l-wT7WeXhInquJ5YiPDUjOuPLijMVFY9fnkkmIUbbdiGQzTg-OabTNyOeAG17GCPkgJZGC5wsxqVHJHyzrXCnF/s1600/detector.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Wet Chemical Extinguishing System" border="0" data-original-height="301" data-original-width="795" height="242" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiEMPK9UFhvgLcg85svXLIY-s8ffHyT7OabLoMlakuDImCoUqwHAYADe6l-wT7WeXhInquJ5YiPDUjOuPLijMVFY9fnkkmIUbbdiGQzTg-OabTNyOeAG17GCPkgJZGC5wsxqVHJHyzrXCnF/s640/detector.jpg" title="Wet Chemical Extinguishing System" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="font-size: 12.8px;">Wet Chemical Extinguishing System</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large; text-align: start;"></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">Fusible hear detector to be suitable for vapor and grease field, it consist of three components :-</span><br />
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">Fusible link.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">Fusible link holder (Bracket).</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">linkage.</span></li>
</ul>
<span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span><ul style="text-align: left;">
</ul>
<h4 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">2- Discharge Nozzle</span></h4>
</div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiOOHA8NM4qOvjBUEOc1E5nmzluNfnXvnfAPZAkFXVd3legbyTDhvlcnuXEiZ8BoX6XzemIsWvDtK0A0_0WU5LDQ5kprr8UvThN22Q6hyphenhyphen8QG8UaEmxoncKL95CKw_zu-Pumus3po42ZEJJ0/s1600/nozzle.bmp" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Wet Chemical Extinguishing System" border="0" data-original-height="200" data-original-width="238" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiOOHA8NM4qOvjBUEOc1E5nmzluNfnXvnfAPZAkFXVd3legbyTDhvlcnuXEiZ8BoX6XzemIsWvDtK0A0_0WU5LDQ5kprr8UvThN22Q6hyphenhyphen8QG8UaEmxoncKL95CKw_zu-Pumus3po42ZEJJ0/s1600/nozzle.bmp" title="Wet Chemical Extinguishing System" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Nozzles</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">Nozzle is a device used to deliver the liquid agent with a specific flow rate and stream pattern, it shall have the followings spec.:-</span><br />
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">An internal strainer or a separate strainer located immediately upstream the nozzle.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">Made of a corrosion-resistance material , non-combustible material (Brass or Stainless Steel) or to be protected inside and outside with deformation.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">Have a protective cover cap, to prevent the entrance of grease, vapor, moisture, environmental contaminants and other foreign materials get in pipes.</span></li>
</ul>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">Nozzle shall be marked and identification for each application and flow rate.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<h4 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">3- Agent Cylinder</span></h4>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">It’s a stainless tank with valve assembly, which containing the extinguishing agent, it comes in different sizes according to each manufacturers.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<h4 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">4- Extinguishing agent</span></h4>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">A potassium carbonite based extinguishing agent designed specially to extinguish grease laden fires.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<h4 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">5- System Releasing Module</span></h4>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">Is a fully mechanical head that can be connected directly or remotely to the system valve and its required for system actuation, system can actuate by three methods:-</span><br />
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">Fusible heat detector.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">Direct from cylinder head.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">Remote pull station.</span></li>
</ul>
<span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span><ul style="text-align: left;">
</ul>
<h4 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">6- Actuation Cartridge</span></h4>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhTYAp0A4qEitLfGVYRZqQDZvJX1KrPr4jeh7XdlnDvjbNOyktbj2Xi1YNOqYa5VHylm01_7-kKeepaojX9BFllsQK6-jzYlJaczhW2WQkyHUmtSOZrXx0Taamhq5bPaXBWz8ozbUOJAFr6/s1600/cartirage.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Wet Chemical Extinguishing System" border="0" data-original-height="510" data-original-width="457" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhTYAp0A4qEitLfGVYRZqQDZvJX1KrPr4jeh7XdlnDvjbNOyktbj2Xi1YNOqYa5VHylm01_7-kKeepaojX9BFllsQK6-jzYlJaczhW2WQkyHUmtSOZrXx0Taamhq5bPaXBWz8ozbUOJAFr6/s320/cartirage.jpg" title="Wet Chemical Extinguishing System" width="286" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Actuation Cartridge</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">It’s gas cartridge contain nitrogen or carbon dioxide used to expels the liquid agent from the agent cylinders (tanks) through the discharge piping.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<h4 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">7- Remote Mechanical Pull Station</span></h4>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">Its connected to Releasing module to actuate the system, its required at the point of egress from the hazard area are being protected.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<h4 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">8- Shut-off gas valve</span></h4>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">It’s used to shut off the flow of gas to the appliances upon actuation of the releasing module , and it comes with different size.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<h4 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">9- Shielded Cable</span></h4>
</div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj2W9P6lkF47C7C_mH1-b2ggTjhjkBVfD4nwsenwS43XeoqcL3bvG9YArGrMvYHAsOIu9nYtEDV655_myLq3_cOwddXj7gJAdcqojfSbFP_EnPapq1jMGQq-zLxq3z0tGavzKa39XbU1acT/s1600/shielded+cable.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Wet Chemical Extinguishing System" border="0" data-original-height="556" data-original-width="880" height="202" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj2W9P6lkF47C7C_mH1-b2ggTjhjkBVfD4nwsenwS43XeoqcL3bvG9YArGrMvYHAsOIu9nYtEDV655_myLq3_cOwddXj7gJAdcqojfSbFP_EnPapq1jMGQq-zLxq3z0tGavzKa39XbU1acT/s320/shielded+cable.png" title="Wet Chemical Extinguishing System" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Shielded Cable</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">It used to connect the fusible link system, gas valve, and/or remote pull station to the Systems Releasing Module, 1/16” stainless steel cable encased in a protective, flexible conduit.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">Wet Chemical Extinguishing System design</span></h3>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">First of all we are deal with a pre-engineered system, so must follow the manufacturers limitation according to their testing report.<br />We have to know well the hood components which as the followings:-</span><br />
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">Ducts.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">Plenum.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">Cooking Appliance ( Fat Fryer, Stove , boiler , grill,…… etc.)</span></li>
</ul>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;"><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjmsbdQUKYRD_Hzc6vf2JtykLPv2rbeh0rWDeaxrhG5VO9YKjpLxJjchcXUzCcKQ2NZllLhRh50UhCVyzZR9BxGGDkZGM9EeA97kej7zH9bZryIffrgG3bZObyLT5E7ukXYvJltngWrE8fd/s1600/system+components.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Wet Chemical Extinguishing System" border="0" data-original-height="608" data-original-width="1277" height="304" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjmsbdQUKYRD_Hzc6vf2JtykLPv2rbeh0rWDeaxrhG5VO9YKjpLxJjchcXUzCcKQ2NZllLhRh50UhCVyzZR9BxGGDkZGM9EeA97kej7zH9bZryIffrgG3bZObyLT5E7ukXYvJltngWrE8fd/s640/system+components.jpg" title="Wet Chemical Extinguishing System" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Hood Components</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</span><br />
<div>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">
To make a correct design we must divide our design to sub-section as following:-</span><br />
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">Nozzle Type and Placement.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">Tanks Capacity.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">Actuation cartridge selection.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">Distribution of pipe network.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">Detection System.</span></li>
</ul>
<span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span><ul style="text-align: left;">
</ul>
<h4 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">1- Nozzle Type, Placement and aim point.</span></h4>
</div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;"><u>Selection of nozzle based on:-</u></span><br />
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">Coverage area for the nozzle and applications area.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">Application (duct, plenum, cooking appliances) so nozzles used for protecting duct differ from that used for protecting plenum. After selecting nozzle type, then define nozzle placement and aim point according to manufacturer design manual.</span></li>
</ul>
<span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span><ul style="text-align: left;">
</ul>
<h4 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">2- Tanks Capacity.</span></h4>
</div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">Selection of tank based on term (<b>Flow Point</b>).</span></div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: red;">Flow Point</span></b> is a term used in system design to describe the flow capacity of each nozzle according to manufactures design manual , which used in determine the tank capacity. </span></div>
<div>
<b><u><span style="color: red;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">Example:-</span></span></u></b></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjvSjJ061F4QTEP3TA8QhwCvg9ruF-GFtmW_HEllVPyLgUkO_IXutz4562k8F9cnVVomzbmhPS-VCdGda0pvX_lCv9oj5__ssOpOXDLXWWGWID0ds_Le5rXq2sAy2kCA7cYFFyhad6Wnkcr/s1600/table.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Wet Chemical Extinguishing System" border="0" data-original-height="322" data-original-width="975" height="209" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjvSjJ061F4QTEP3TA8QhwCvg9ruF-GFtmW_HEllVPyLgUkO_IXutz4562k8F9cnVVomzbmhPS-VCdGda0pvX_lCv9oj5__ssOpOXDLXWWGWID0ds_Le5rXq2sAy2kCA7cYFFyhad6Wnkcr/s640/table.png" title="Wet Chemical Extinguishing System" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="font-size: 12.8px;">Wet Chemical Extinguishing System</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large; text-align: start;"></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;"><span style="color: red;"><b><u>Note that:</u></b></span> Selection of nozzle type based on application area and nozzle coverage area, flow point for each nozzle according to nozzle type and manufacturer design manual.<br /><br />Tank capacity category based on max. flow point for each cylinder, so tank selection will be based on the total flow point for the whole system.</span></div>
<div>
<span style="color: red; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><u>Example:-</u></b></span></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg6V99l23fjcgMGZNP90z4ezZrchD0IefPDvlFyu3nSQIMoZT5233vQc6uLJrvZCi0JIR0Vm1ZFNgqehG7nCgNXXJ5mEKRY6rl4zULtBGhZO5B6iU0A0-jv8jnXChcFLDMG38lltdbIF46D/s1600/table2.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Wet Chemical Extinguishing System" border="0" data-original-height="262" data-original-width="955" height="174" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg6V99l23fjcgMGZNP90z4ezZrchD0IefPDvlFyu3nSQIMoZT5233vQc6uLJrvZCi0JIR0Vm1ZFNgqehG7nCgNXXJ5mEKRY6rl4zULtBGhZO5B6iU0A0-jv8jnXChcFLDMG38lltdbIF46D/s640/table2.png" title="Wet Chemical Extinguishing System" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="font-size: 12.8px;">Wet Chemical Extinguishing System</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large; text-align: start;"></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<h4 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">3 - Actuation cartridge selection. </span></h4>
<div>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">Actuation cartridge have different sizes, selection of based on the number of cylinders will actuated.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<h4 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">4 - Distribution of pipe network.</span></h4>
</div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">The max. and min. pipe length for each size agent cylinder is based on total internal pipe volume, regardless of the diameter of the pipe used. All piping parameter are based on total system piping and do not make a distinction between branches and supply line piping. all pipe connections have a limitation according to cylinders size based on manufacturer test report and design manual.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<h4 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">5 - Detection System.</span></h4>
</div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">Conduit runs, pulley, elbows and number of detection per system must be within the approved system guide line.<br /><br /><b><u>Minimum requirement for detection system is :-</u></b></span><br />
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">At least one fusible link shall be installed within each exhaust duct opening in accordance with the manufacturing listing NFPA 17A 5.6.1.4</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">Other than appliances that a downdraft ventilation system a fusible link shall be provided above each protected appliance or in accordance with the extinguishing system manufacturer’s design, installation and maintenance manual NFPA 17A 5.6.15</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">In case of electrostatic precipitator presence, must install detector after and before it.</span></li>
</ul>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;"><br />Selection of rating of fusible heat detector based on the max. ambient temperature and according to Table A.7.3.4.1 NFPA 17A.</span></div>
</div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhwocqQu8drWPHsMG8J03izoKbbReFbDOwpp7o_wxyCBgCTg8xixMfU7oHXkX8Mr7D9EIC5pW35pQGuY0p9X2bZdKgfanhlxbFnwSZo2SVpWtsVchuduBO_ASs370ijYNEwB5KpP_YfWqV3/s1600/table3.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Wet Chemical Extinguishing System" border="0" data-original-height="257" data-original-width="418" height="392" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhwocqQu8drWPHsMG8J03izoKbbReFbDOwpp7o_wxyCBgCTg8xixMfU7oHXkX8Mr7D9EIC5pW35pQGuY0p9X2bZdKgfanhlxbFnwSZo2SVpWtsVchuduBO_ASs370ijYNEwB5KpP_YfWqV3/s640/table3.png" title="Wet Chemical Extinguishing System" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="font-size: 12.8px;">Wet Chemical Extinguishing System</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large; text-align: start;"></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">References of Article:</span></h3>
<div>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.nfpa.org/codes-and-standards/all-codes-and-standards/list-of-codes-and-standards/detail?code=17A" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">NFPA 17A</a> - 2017 edition: Standard for Wet Chemical Extinguishing Systems</span></div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="color: red; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: x-large;"><b>Fire Protection Specialists</b></span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #444444; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Keeping You Up To Code</b></span></div>
</div>
Muhammad Mosadhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05468473036987685760noreply@blogger.com25tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6853632856711530111.post-87900877825526754522020-05-14T15:21:00.006+02:002024-01-08T20:57:06.277+02:00Relief Valves for Centrifugal Pumps According to NFPA 20<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<h1 style="text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #b51200; font-family: arial; font-size: x-large;">
Relief Valves for Centrifugal Pumps According to NFPA 20</span></h1>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgo5MwKQaDShJYhsAyiz0dZyvQJV8bFlecwEInn08vF7VbEniLoAFuaRcSH65YMJS0upT55OizsXvlcN7Ngqpp9yTMLAFfk6i5snfbe-6NqzaeCVy6lIJtKPY5q68_bGgBU8ajyHHGZSC3U/" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Relief Valves for Centrifugal Pumps According to NFPA 20" border="0" data-original-height="628" data-original-width="1200" height="334" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgo5MwKQaDShJYhsAyiz0dZyvQJV8bFlecwEInn08vF7VbEniLoAFuaRcSH65YMJS0upT55OizsXvlcN7Ngqpp9yTMLAFfk6i5snfbe-6NqzaeCVy6lIJtKPY5q68_bGgBU8ajyHHGZSC3U/w640-h334/relief-blog.jpg" title="Relief Valves for Centrifugal Pumps According to NFPA 20" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Relief Valves for Centrifugal Pumps According to NFPA 20</td></tr></tbody></table><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div>
<h2 style="text-align: left;"><span face="arial, helvetica, sans-serif" style="font-size: large;">What is relief valve?</span></h2>
<div>
<span face="arial, helvetica, sans-serif" style="font-size: large;">A device that allows the diversion of </span><span face="arial, helvetica, sans-serif" style="font-size: large;">liquid to limit excess pressure in a system.</span></div><div>
<h2 style="text-align: left;"><span face="arial, helvetica, sans-serif" style="font-size: large;">Where shall we install relief valve?</span></h2></div>
<h3 style="text-align: left;"><span face="arial, helvetica, sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"><u>
relief valve shall be installed for centrifugal pumps in only two cases:</u></span></h3>
<div><ol style="text-align: left;"><li><span face="arial, helvetica, sans-serif" style="font-size: large;">For diesel engine fire pump: Where a total of 121% of the net rated shutoff (churn) pressure plus the maximum static suction pressure, adjusted for elevation, exceeds the pressure for which the system components are rated.</span></li>
<li><span face="arial, helvetica, sans-serif" style="font-size: large;">For electric variable speed pump or a diesel pressure limiting driver: Where the maximum total discharge head adjusted for elevation with the pump operating at shutoff and rated speed exceeds the pressure rating of the system components.</span></li></ol></div>
<h2 style="text-align: left;">
<span face="arial, helvetica, sans-serif" style="font-size: large;">
Sizing of relief valve:</span></h2><div style="text-align: left;">
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><span face="arial, helvetica, sans-serif" style="font-size: large;">
The relief valve size & its discharge pipe shall not be less than that given in table below, or sized hydraulically to discharge sufficient water to prevent the pump discharge pressure, adjusted for elevation, from exceeding the pressure rating of the system components.</span></li>
<li><span face="arial, helvetica, sans-serif" style="font-size: large;">If the discharge pipe employs more than one elbow, the next larger pipe size shall be used.</span></li>
</ul>
<br />
<span face="arial, helvetica, sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"></span></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEguXkuBW3cM0HcnxfveqzQrvGJJYNLl6X-rAVsZlDlzqeb9I0ZKMANeYtlQ0RiyxmBzEOVmi-0gcFiLITDQD8dzeUwmfH4wnVeJRtZ_94OpCVjPA53QlpwpyZ0oIoymfbhXCpdYaWSWt5LX/" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Relief Valve sizing According to NFPA 20" border="0" data-original-height="2480" data-original-width="2000" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEguXkuBW3cM0HcnxfveqzQrvGJJYNLl6X-rAVsZlDlzqeb9I0ZKMANeYtlQ0RiyxmBzEOVmi-0gcFiLITDQD8dzeUwmfH4wnVeJRtZ_94OpCVjPA53QlpwpyZ0oIoymfbhXCpdYaWSWt5LX/w516-h640/relief-valve-sizing.jpg" title="Relief Valve sizing According to NFPA 20" width="516" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Relief Valve sizing According to NFPA 20</td></tr></tbody></table><h2 style="text-align: left;"><span face="arial, helvetica, sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"><br />
Location of relief valve:</span></h2><div>
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><span face="arial, helvetica, sans-serif" style="font-size: large;">
Relief valve shall be located between the pump and the pump discharge check valve.</span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<h2 style="text-align: left;">
<span face="arial, helvetica, sans-serif" style="font-size: large;">
Types of relief valve:</span></h2><div>
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><span face="arial, helvetica, sans-serif" style="font-size: large;">Listed spring-loaded </span></li><li><span face="arial, helvetica, sans-serif" style="font-size: large;">Pilot-operated diaphragm type.</span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div>
<h2 style="text-align: left;">
<span face="arial, helvetica, sans-serif" style="font-size: large;">Discharge of relief valve:</span></h2></div><div>
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><font face="arial">The relief valve shall discharge into an open pipe or into a cone or funnel secured to the outlet of the valve, Water discharge from the relief valve shall be readily visible. </font><br /></li></ul><h2 style="text-align: left;"><span face="arial, helvetica, sans-serif" style="font-size: large;">Notes on installation of relief valve:</span></h2></div><ul style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; text-align: left;"><li><font face="arial" size="4">A shutoff valve shall not be installed in the relief valve supply or discharge piping.</font></li><li><font face="arial" size="4">Relief valve discharge piping returning water back to the supply source, such as an above-ground storage tank, shall not be combined with the discharge from other relief valves.</font></li><li><font face="arial" size="4">Relief valve discharge piping from a single fire pump returning water back to the supply source shall be permitted to be combined with fire pump test piping downstream of any control valve.</font></li><li><font face="arial" size="4">The discharge piping from multiple relief valves shall not be combined with fire pump test piping.</font></li><li><font face="arial" size="4">Isolation of the test header piping from the pressure relief valve discharge shall be possible.</font></li><li><font face="arial" size="4">where a pressure relief valve has been piped back to suction, a circulation relief valve discharges to atmosphere shall be provided downstream of the pressure relief valve, and shall actuate below the opening set point of the pressure relief valve to ensure cooling of the pump during churn operation.</font></li><li><font face="arial" size="4"> Where the supply of water to the pump is taken from a suction reservoir of limited capacity, the drain pipe shall discharge into the reservoir at a point as far from the pump suction to prevent the pump from drafting air introduced by the drain pipe discharge.</font></li></ul><div style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;"><br /></div><div><article style="background-color: white; margin-top: 15px; outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;"><div class="post-body entry-content" id="post-body-4277629345834568385" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.5em; outline: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline; width: 721.713px;"><div dir="ltr" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline;" trbidi="on"><div style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline;"><h2 style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; color: #2c3e50; font-family: oswald; font-size: 15px; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 1px; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0px 0px 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; text-align: left; text-transform: uppercase; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline;"><span face="arial, helvetica, sans-serif" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-size: large; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline;"><u>REFERENCES OF THIS ARTICLE:</u></span></h2><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline;"><a href="https://www.nfpa.org/codes-and-standards/all-codes-and-standards/list-of-codes-and-standards/detail?code=20" rel="nofollow" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; color: #fd4326; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline;" target="_blank">NFPA 20</a><font size="4" style="color: #5e5e5e; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;"> - 2019 edition. (</font><font color="#000000" face="arial" size="4">Standard for the Installation of Stationary Pumps for Fire Protection</font><font size="4" style="color: #5e5e5e; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">)</font></span><div style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: nunito; font-size: 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline;"><span face="arial, helvetica, sans-serif" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-size: large; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /></span></div><h2 style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; color: #2c3e50; font-family: oswald; font-size: 15px; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 1px; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0px 0px 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; text-align: left; text-transform: uppercase; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline;"><span face="arial, helvetica, sans-serif" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-size: large; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline;"><u>READ ALSO:</u></span></h2><span face="arial, helvetica, sans-serif" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; color: #5e5e5e; font-size: 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline;"><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2019/09/sprinkler-characteristics.html" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; color: #fd4326; font-size: x-large; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline;">SPRINKLER CHARACTERISTICS ACCORDING TO NFPA 13</a><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2019/09/sprinklers-in-electrical-rooms.html" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; color: #fd4326; font-size: x-large; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline;">SPRINKLERS IN ELECTRICAL ROOMS ACCORDING TO NFPA 13</a><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2019/08/fire-department-connection.html" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; color: #fd4326; font-size: x-large; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline;">FIRE DEPARTMENT CONNECTION ACCORDING TO NFPA 13</a><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2018/11/seismic-separation-assembly-according.html" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; color: #fd4326; font-size: x-large; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline;">SEISMIC SEPARATION ASSEMBLY</a><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2018/11/return-bend-requirements-according-to.html" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; color: #fd4326; font-size: x-large; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline;">RETURN BEND REQUIREMENTS ACCORDING TO NFPA 13</a><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2018/10/distance-below-ceiling-for-standard.html" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; color: #fd4326; font-size: x-large; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline;">DISTANCE BELOW CEILING FOR STANDARD PENDANT & UPRIGHT SPRINKLERS</a><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2018/09/small-room-sprinkler-design.html" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; color: #fd4326; font-size: x-large; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline;">SPRINKLER DISTRIBUTION IN SMALL ROOMS - NFPA 13</a></span><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /><div style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: nunito; font-size: 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: center; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline;"><span face="arial, helvetica, sans-serif" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; color: red; font-size: xx-large; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /></b></span><span face="arial, helvetica, sans-serif" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; color: red; font-size: xx-large; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline;"><br style="outline: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s;" /></b></span><span face="arial, helvetica, sans-serif" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; color: red; font-size: xx-large; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline;">Fire Protection Specialists</b></span></div><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline;"><span face="arial, helvetica, sans-serif" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-size: large; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></span><div style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: nunito; font-size: 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: center; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline;"><span face="arial, helvetica, sans-serif" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; font-size: large; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline;">Keeping You Up To Code</b></span></span></div></div></div></div></article></div></div>
Muhammad Mosadhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05468473036987685760noreply@blogger.com6tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6853632856711530111.post-42776293458345683852019-11-26T13:31:00.003+02:002024-01-08T20:08:07.140+02:00Pipe Schedule Method for Firefighting Sprinkler System<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<h2 style="text-align: center;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="color: red; font-size: large;">Pipe Schedule Method for Firefighting Sprinkler System</span></h2>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrfdQKAUHrqyMFUsVLHJNcQvPvjUqEis1hjFmFwqh-CDOeMQhwCM4VXINP7vYYV7FFQF-zqIz7KQFpUyDwMIzfuXIQo-oMSUH5qFqW53AyftVWgn9V-ntgta6fVaVKjF_iCvpan2XunV7g/s1600/Above-%2526-Below---blog.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Pipe Schedule Method for Firefighting Sprinkler System" border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrfdQKAUHrqyMFUsVLHJNcQvPvjUqEis1hjFmFwqh-CDOeMQhwCM4VXINP7vYYV7FFQF-zqIz7KQFpUyDwMIzfuXIQo-oMSUH5qFqW53AyftVWgn9V-ntgta6fVaVKjF_iCvpan2XunV7g/s640/Above-%2526-Below---blog.jpg" title="Pipe Schedule Method for Firefighting Sprinkler System" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Pipe Schedule Method for Firefighting Sprinkler System </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"></span><br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;">
<br />The water demand for firefighting sprinkler systems shall be determined by either the pipe schedule method or the hydraulic calculation method, in this article we will discuss the pipe schedule method. </span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<br />
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"> What is pipe schedule system?!</span></h3>
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;">According to NFPA 13, Pipe Schedule System is defined as sprinkler system in which the pipe sizing is selected from a schedule that is determined by the occupancy classification and in which a given number of sprinklers are allowed to be supplied from specific sizes of pipe.</span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<br />
<h3>
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"> Where can we use pipe schedule method?!</span></h3>
<ul><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;">
<li><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;">New systems of 465 m2 or less. </span></li>
<li><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;">Additions or modifications to existing pipe schedule systems. </span></li>
</span></ul>
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;">
<br /> </span><br />
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"> Classification of occupancies according to hazard</span></h3>
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;">NFPA 13 classifies the occupancies according to the quantity and combustibility of contents, the expected rates of heat release, the total potential for energy release, the heights of stockpiles, and the presence of flammable and combustible liquids as the followings:</span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<br />
<h4 style="text-align: left;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"> Light hazard occupancy</span></h4>
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;">Spaces with low quantity and combustibility of contents.<br /><b><u><span style="color: red;">Examples:</span></u></b> Churches, clubs, hospitals, restaurant seating area, offices buildings, and etc.<br /> </span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<br />
<h4 style="text-align: left;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"> Ordinary hazard group (1) occupancy</span></h4>
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;">Spaces with moderate quantity and low combustibility of contents, or stockpiles of contents with low combustibility that do not exceed 2.4 m.<br /><b><u><span style="color: red;">Examples:</span></u></b> Bakeries, beverage manufacturing, automobile parking, restaurant services area, and etc.</span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<br />
<h4 style="text-align: left;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"> Ordinary hazard group (2) occupancy</span></h4>
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;">Spaces with moderate to high quantity and combustibility of contents or Stockpiles of contents with moderate to high combustibility that do not exceed 3.7 m.<br /><b><u><span style="color: red;">Examples:</span></u></b> Dry cleaners, feed mills, barns or stables, textile manufacturing, and etc.<br /> </span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<br />
<h4 style="text-align: left;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"> Extra hazard group (1) occupancy</span></h4>
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;">Spaces with very high quantity and combustibility of contents or Spaces where dust, lint, or other materials are present, introducing the probability of rapidly developing fires.<br /><b><u><span style="color: red;">Examples:</span></u></b> Aircraft hangers, die casting, metal extruding, saw mills, and etc.<br /> </span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<br />
<h4 style="text-align: left;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"> Extra hazard group (2) occupancy</span></h4>
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;">Spaces with very high quantity and combustibility of contents or Spaces with substantial amounts of combustible or flammable liquids or Spaces where shielding of combustibles is extensive<br /><u><b><span style="color: red;">Examples:</span></b></u> Asphalt saturating, flow coating, flammable liquids spraying, and etc.</span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<br />
<h4 style="text-align: left;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"> High-piled storage occupancy</span></h4>
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;">Solid-piled, palletized, rack storage, bin box, and shelf storage in excess of 3.7 m in height.</span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<br />
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"> Pipe schedule according to hazard degree:</span></h3>
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;">The table below summarizes the pipe schedule for each hazard degree:<br /><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhU49bMZIobSj0-Bp2C7ooGrARa6VmIdUPePxv29Ih6ZJjlRVcFTu_ZMylihanf7o0yNnriPBH0oQzMxgumS5lO6IoFJwajzi_sBbG0n13Yb_hbldCm_OKjzr2v1lwHO9zKSs1aKJVGyWwg/s1600/Pipe-schedule-summary.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Pipe schedule according to hazard degree" border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhU49bMZIobSj0-Bp2C7ooGrARa6VmIdUPePxv29Ih6ZJjlRVcFTu_ZMylihanf7o0yNnriPBH0oQzMxgumS5lO6IoFJwajzi_sBbG0n13Yb_hbldCm_OKjzr2v1lwHO9zKSs1aKJVGyWwg/s640/Pipe-schedule-summary.jpg" title="Pipe schedule according to hazard degree" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Pipe schedule according to hazard degree</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</span><br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
</div>
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;">
<br /><br /><b><u><span style="color: red;">Note that:</span></u></b> the column for the extra hazard occupancies is just used as a guide for only extensions for existing systems, while new extra hazard occupancies shall be hydraulically calculated.</span><br />
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"> Pipe schedule for sprinklers above & below ceiling:</span></h3>
<span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" style="font-size: large;">NFPA 13 requires concealed spaces of exposed combustible construction to be sprinklered, in this case we have to follow pipe schedules for sprinklers above & below ceiling, the table below summarizes the pipe schedule for sprinklers installed in concealed space & below ceiling:</span><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgiyiCmvBIIALRF7NXJCZJeHoSCZ4tLxyuVD0ET0SPOx8DSkt7LfWXoCc3JM31U-RoMZyH7k5424dWqRG7Gqi2R2YTryOh6izs4NrMxZvZd-CXrY5ZeKks4INWN5w_RfOAtmJZLNd9R8wXu/s1600/Above-%2526-Below.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Pipe schedule for sprinklers above & below ceiling" border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgiyiCmvBIIALRF7NXJCZJeHoSCZ4tLxyuVD0ET0SPOx8DSkt7LfWXoCc3JM31U-RoMZyH7k5424dWqRG7Gqi2R2YTryOh6izs4NrMxZvZd-CXrY5ZeKks4INWN5w_RfOAtmJZLNd9R8wXu/s640/Above-%2526-Below.jpg" title="Pipe schedule for sprinklers above & below ceiling" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Pipe schedule for sprinklers above & below ceiling</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;">
</span><br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
</div>
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;">
</span>
<br />
<br /><br /><blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" style="font-size: large;">For more information about concealed spaces requiring sprinklers, and cases to omit sprinklers in concealed spaces, please check it in NFPA 13, clause "9.3.17.1".</span></blockquote>
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<br />
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;">Minimum water supply requirements for pipe schedule systems:</span></h3>
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;">The table below summarizes the minimum water flow rate, residual pressure, and duration of pipe schedule systems:<br /><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj2SbeqpbUjNVlkfBQbB3yt87nAjaqMXkzSCb70qmfEvaKp1INs3smV7hniENXivw5HDeILbel79EO-j6wGtHA5K15nx5aL1ERlCstp8l1YxjNoaTCieqSXQCfwrmezsAuCeIb_lMeaFFNk/s1600/water-requirements-01.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Minimum water supply requirements for pipe schedule systems" border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj2SbeqpbUjNVlkfBQbB3yt87nAjaqMXkzSCb70qmfEvaKp1INs3smV7hniENXivw5HDeILbel79EO-j6wGtHA5K15nx5aL1ERlCstp8l1YxjNoaTCieqSXQCfwrmezsAuCeIb_lMeaFFNk/s640/water-requirements-01.jpg" title="Minimum water supply requirements for pipe schedule systems" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Minimum water supply requirements for pipe schedule systems</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</span><br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
</div>
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;">
<br /><b><u><span style="color: red;">Note that:</span></u></b>Pipe schedule method can be used to determine the system demand for new systems exceeding 465 m2 where the flow required as above table is available at a minimum residual pressure of 50 psi.<br /><br />The lower duration value is accepted only where water flow alarm devices & supervisory devices are electrically supervised & monitored.<br /><br />The lower flow figure shall be permitted only where building is of noncombustible construction or no open areas exceed 280 m2 for light hazard or 370 m2 for ordinary hazard.<br /><br />The friction losses of back flow prevention devices shall be accounted for when determining acceptable residual pressure at the top level of sprinklers, this value shall be added to the elevation loss and the residual pressure to determine the total pressure needed at the water supply.</span><br />
<div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;">References of this article:</span></h3>
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.nfpa.org/codes-and-standards/all-codes-and-standards/list-of-codes-and-standards/detail?code=13">NFPA 13</a> - 2019 edition. (Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems)<br /> </span><br />
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"> Read Also:</span></h3>
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2019/09/sprinkler-characteristics.html" style="font-size: x-large;">SPRINKLER CHARACTERISTICS ACCORDING TO NFPA 13</a><br /><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2019/09/sprinklers-in-electrical-rooms.html" style="font-size: x-large;">SPRINKLERS IN ELECTRICAL ROOMS ACCORDING TO NFPA 13</a><br /><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2019/08/fire-department-connection.html" style="font-size: x-large;">FIRE DEPARTMENT CONNECTION ACCORDING TO NFPA 13</a><br /><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2018/11/seismic-separation-assembly-according.html" style="font-size: x-large;">SEISMIC SEPARATION ASSEMBLY</a><br /><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2018/11/return-bend-requirements-according-to.html" style="font-size: x-large;">RETURN BEND REQUIREMENTS ACCORDING TO NFPA 13</a><br /><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2018/10/distance-below-ceiling-for-standard.html" style="font-size: x-large;">DISTANCE BELOW CEILING FOR STANDARD PENDANT & UPRIGHT SPRINKLERS</a><br /><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2018/09/small-room-sprinkler-design.html" style="font-size: x-large;">SPRINKLER DISTRIBUTION IN SMALL ROOMS - NFPA 13</a></span><br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b style="color: red; font-size: xx-large;"><br /></b></span>
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b style="color: red; font-size: xx-large;"><br /></b></span>
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b style="color: red; font-size: xx-large;">Fire Protection Specialists</b></span></div>
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">
<span style="font-size: large;"></span></span>
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span style="font-size: large;"><b>Keeping You Up To Code</b></span></span></div>
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span style="font-size: large;">
</span></span></div>
</div>
Muhammad Mosadhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05468473036987685760noreply@blogger.com73tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6853632856711530111.post-87958619763730315402019-11-05T23:25:00.000+02:002019-11-20T11:13:18.445+02:00End-Suction pump vs Horizontal Split Case<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<h2 style="text-align: center;">
<span style="color: red; font-size: x-large;">End-Suction Pump vs Horizontal Split Case in Fire Fighting Application</span></h2>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiusgXWaG_fdGOi2YmbVEdEEOtRls9xZmqxndinKheRKT2UWZ5MwhnmN6nN3fvT6TfXVxwMfvxCM27J-NjHBaZ3fH9h1fXKztlyz2cTBvUPIuHbIt-jnPM5DxjcMpPYhG0ntz7cYDimnM2M/s1600/End-suction-vs-HSC---blog.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="End-Suction pump vs Horizontal Split Case in Fire Fighting Application" border="0" data-original-height="628" data-original-width="1200" height="334" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiusgXWaG_fdGOi2YmbVEdEEOtRls9xZmqxndinKheRKT2UWZ5MwhnmN6nN3fvT6TfXVxwMfvxCM27J-NjHBaZ3fH9h1fXKztlyz2cTBvUPIuHbIt-jnPM5DxjcMpPYhG0ntz7cYDimnM2M/s640/End-suction-vs-HSC---blog.jpg" title="End-Suction pump vs Horizontal Split Case in Fire Fighting Application" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><h2>
<span style="color: red; font-size: x-small;">End-Suction pump vs Horizontal Split Case in Fire Fighting Application</span></h2>
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: large;">Centrifugal pumps are the most common pumps used in firefighting applications, in this article we will clarify the basic differences between most common types of centrifugal pumps, "End Suction" & "Horizontal Split Case", we will discuss the design, construction of each type and compare between capacities range, initial cost, maintenance, and space requirements for each type.</span></div>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<b><u><span style="color: red; font-size: large;"><br /></span></u></b></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<b><u><span style="color: red; font-size: large;">Definitions:</span></u></b></h3>
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<br />
<h4 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: large;"><b>Centrifugal pump. </b></span></h4>
<span style="font-size: large;">A pump in which the pressure is developed principally by the action of centrifugal force, the video below illustrates the principle of operation of centrifugal pump and its advantages and disadvantages.</span><br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<iframe allowfullscreen="" class="YOUTUBE-iframe-video" data-thumbnail-src="https://i.ytimg.com/vi/BaEHVpKc-1Q/0.jpg" frameborder="0" height="266" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/BaEHVpKc-1Q?feature=player_embedded" width="320"></iframe></div>
<br />
<br />
<h4 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: large;"><b>End Suction Pump.</b> </span></h4>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhAcSbXAkI6MmMbBPHb0Y94TzIxBjIQ17lvFNaY_j0f5PSCeJYNrOPsr5dQh_qu9kzXMkVICyXR3Ed-Fg4EbVZss2pr4PG5gsqlNrLbdUUGWSek8AUjLjS0dSwEIH8nJVxODHN2FLTqqgyA/s1600/end-suction.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="End-Suction pump vs Horizontal Split Case in Fire Fighting Application" border="0" data-original-height="1000" data-original-width="1000" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhAcSbXAkI6MmMbBPHb0Y94TzIxBjIQ17lvFNaY_j0f5PSCeJYNrOPsr5dQh_qu9kzXMkVICyXR3Ed-Fg4EbVZss2pr4PG5gsqlNrLbdUUGWSek8AUjLjS0dSwEIH8nJVxODHN2FLTqqgyA/s640/end-suction.jpg" title="End-Suction pump vs Horizontal Split Case in Fire Fighting Application" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">End-Suction Pump</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;">A single suction pump having its suction nozzle on the opposite side of the casing from the stuffing box and having the face of the suction nozzle perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the shaft. usually of "overhung hung impeller" type in which the impeller is mounted on the end of a shaft which is “overhung” from its bearing supports.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">End suction pumps are available as <b>close coupled</b> in which the impeller is mounted directly on the
motor shaft or <b>separately coupled</b> in which the impeller is
mounted on a separate pump shaft supported by its own bearings.</span><br />
<br />
<br />
<h4 style="text-align: left;">
<b><span style="font-size: large;">Horizontal Split-Case Pump. </span></b></h4>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEikMHkxkQp0qNT3zU7sBTKsRzPMORk1ZtNrUuqTLPEKVKF9uAXEW7Z2ejZM7C8MKKuUDDrVFffIIY2-Ie7WrZK4XWjHdNzV-LQFyBFo1RcP2WmTxBcuS-nItTZmNlrK3LAtqRzndnfe2bBD/s1600/HSC.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="End-Suction pump vs Horizontal Split Case in Fire Fighting Application" border="0" data-original-height="1000" data-original-width="1000" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEikMHkxkQp0qNT3zU7sBTKsRzPMORk1ZtNrUuqTLPEKVKF9uAXEW7Z2ejZM7C8MKKuUDDrVFffIIY2-Ie7WrZK4XWjHdNzV-LQFyBFo1RcP2WmTxBcuS-nItTZmNlrK3LAtqRzndnfe2bBD/s640/HSC.jpg" title="End-Suction pump vs Horizontal Split Case in Fire Fighting Application" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Horizontal Split Case pump</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;">A centrifugal pump characterized by a housing that is split parallel to the shaft. usually of <b>"Impeller Between Bearing"</b> type in which the impeller is mounted on a shaft with the bearings at both ends.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Horizontal split case pumps are available as <b>separately coupled</b> single stage or multistage type.</span><br />
<div>
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
<div>
<div>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<b><span style="color: red; font-size: large;"><u>Capacities range</u></span></b></h3>
</div>
<div>
<span style="font-size: large;">The durability of the <b>horizontal split case pumps</b> design allows the pump to be used for very large water flows in excess of <b><span style="color: red;">5000 gpm </span></b>as the pump casings are often heavier and designed to handle higher working pressures, moreover, the design of "Impeller between bearing" and since the water enters the two sides of the impeller (double suction), these pumps can withstand the large amount of vibration and thrust forces often caused by water turbulence in the suction piping.</span></div>
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: large;">For <b>end suction pumps</b> and since water is entering one side of the impeller, and due to the design of "Impeller overhung", these pumps cannot be used for large water flow applications and usually not exceeding 1500 gpm of flow.</span><br />
<div>
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<br />
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<b><span style="color: red; font-size: large;"><u>Initial Cost:</u></span></b></h3>
<span style="font-size: large;">Due to the large flanges required for the split casing sealing joint, larger impeller, and overall large size, <b>horizontal split case pumps</b> are normally heavier and cost more than comparable <b>end suction pumps</b> which has lower initial cost.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: large;">However, requiring long operating life, the cost of maintenance of <b>end suction pumps</b> and down time may far exceed any initial cost savings.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<b><u><span style="color: red; font-size: large;">Maintenance:</span></u></b></h3>
<span style="font-size: large;"><b>Horizontal split case pumps</b> are easy for maintenance as the top half of the casing can be removed, so the internal components (Bearing, shaft, impeller, and etc.) are exposed without disturbing the suction or discharge piping, or moving the motor.</span><br />
<div>
<span style="font-size: large;">On the other hand, maintenance of <b>end suction pump</b> are more difficult due to their compact design, for example, the removal of the impeller requires removal of the motor to provide a space for pulling the impeller back out of the casing.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
<div>
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
<div>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<b><u><span style="color: red; font-size: large;">Space required</span></u></b></h3>
<span style="font-size: large;">One advantage of <b>end suction pumps</b> is that it is space saving by means of its compact design, while the <b>horizontal split case pumps</b> requires more space</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
<div>
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
<div>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<b><u><span style="color: red; font-size: large;">References of this article:</span></u></b></h3>
<span style="font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.nfpa.org/codes-and-standards/all-codes-and-standards/list-of-codes-and-standards/detail?code=20" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><b>NFPA 20</b></a> - 2019 edition (Standard for the Installation of Stationary Pumps for Fire Protection)</span></div>
<div>
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
<div>
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
<div>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="color: red; font-size: large;"><b><u>Read also:</u></b></span></h3>
<br /><div style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; color: #4f4f4f; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 1px; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0px 0px 5px; outline: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 10px 0px 0px; position: relative; text-align: left; text-transform: uppercase; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline;">
</div>
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><span style="font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2018/10/general-requirements-of-jockey-pump.html" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; color: #fd4326; line-height: 1.5; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">JOCKEY PUMP REQUIREMENTS & SIZING - NFPA 20</span></a></span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2018/10/general-requirements-of-circulation.html">GENERAL REQUIREMENTS OF CIRCULATION RELIEF VALVE</a></span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2018/11/general-requirements-of-pressure-gauge.html">GENERAL REQUIREMENTS OF PRESSURE GAUGE - NFPA 20</a> </span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2018/10/fire-pump-settings.html" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; color: #fd4326; line-height: 1.5; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">FIRE PUMP SETTINGS - NFPA 20</span></a></span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2018/10/firefighting-pump-suction-details.html" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; color: #fd4326; line-height: 1.5; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">FIREFIGHTING PUMP SUCTION COMPONENTS - NFPA 20</span></a></span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2019/06/anti-vortex-plate-according-to-nfpa-20.html" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; color: #fd4326; line-height: 1.5; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">ANTI-VORTEX PLATE ACCORDING TO NFPA 20 & 22</span></a></span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div>
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
<div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
<div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="color: red; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: x-large;"><b>Fire Protection Specialists</b></span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>Keeping You Up To Code</b></span></div>
</div>
<div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
</div>
<div>
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
<div>
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
<div>
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
<div>
<br /></div>
</div>
Muhammad Mosadhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05468473036987685760noreply@blogger.com26tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6853632856711530111.post-16410234448573084222019-09-06T21:22:00.001+02:002024-01-08T20:10:33.818+02:00Sprinkler Characteristics According to NFPA 13<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<h2 style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: 18pt;"><span style="color: red;">Sprinkler Characteristics According to NFPA 13 - 2019 Edition</span></span></h2>
<span style="color: red; font-size: 18pt;"><br /></span>
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjBENN2QPHjHoMBHjdpvr7uJJt1Io2AmVQc5OWSqDnS2zPvxXpncYRYabZPvv7RDFEoVFe5nNZRJXn8eFC3WFFnxlGpUjv4GXIbaPMsGvLJAoWf6ahINdzqZP8Xif88T6R8WgpEh8TdjYWT/s1600/sprinkler-components-blog.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Sprinkler Characteristics According to NFPA 13 - 2019 Edition" border="0" data-original-height="628" data-original-width="1200" height="334" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjBENN2QPHjHoMBHjdpvr7uJJt1Io2AmVQc5OWSqDnS2zPvxXpncYRYabZPvv7RDFEoVFe5nNZRJXn8eFC3WFFnxlGpUjv4GXIbaPMsGvLJAoWf6ahINdzqZP8Xif88T6R8WgpEh8TdjYWT/s640/sprinkler-components-blog.jpg" title="Sprinkler Characteristics According to NFPA 13 - 2019 Edition" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><h2 style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small; font-weight: normal;">Sprinkler Characteristics According to NFPA 13 - 2019 Edition</span></h2>
<div>
<span style="font-size: 18pt;"><span style="color: red;"><br /></span></span></div>
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<h3 style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: 18pt;"><b>What is Automatic Sprinkler?</b></span></h3>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 18pt;">A fire suppression or control device
that operates automatically when its heat-activated element is heated to its
thermal rating or above, allowing water to discharge over a specified area.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 18pt;"><br /></span></div>
<h3 style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: 18pt;"><b>What are the components of Automatic Sprinklers?</b></span></h3>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: 18pt;"><u>Sprinkler components are showed in the following figure:</u></span></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjZMTEgYLUTBlF8sH05suuaQCRJ9kOuC_RBXtiQkxjbynBY1nHTJ7GLzHMsDlVQdNZGhbr5aIQqAThIWkOglXVt8KDhAGNH4ka1FvzfGXw86-DzOtJU4ma53s87ORerTbn3s1NKNrlgU6UB/s1600/sprk-components.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Sprinkler Characteristics According to NFPA 13" border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1600" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjZMTEgYLUTBlF8sH05suuaQCRJ9kOuC_RBXtiQkxjbynBY1nHTJ7GLzHMsDlVQdNZGhbr5aIQqAThIWkOglXVt8KDhAGNH4ka1FvzfGXw86-DzOtJU4ma53s87ORerTbn3s1NKNrlgU6UB/s640/sprk-components.jpg" title="Sprinkler Characteristics According to NFPA 13" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><h2 style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small; font-weight: normal;">Sprinkler Characteristics According to NFPA 13 - 2019 Edition</span></h2>
<div>
</div>
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<h3 style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: left;">
<b style="font-size: 18pt;">How Automatic sprinkler works?</b></h3>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 18pt;">the video below illustrates the components and the principle of operation of automatic sprinklers:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 18pt;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<iframe allowfullscreen="" class="YOUTUBE-iframe-video" data-thumbnail-src="https://i.ytimg.com/vi/sNXuWGmJOZo/0.jpg" frameborder="0" height="266" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/sNXuWGmJOZo?feature=player_embedded" width="320"></iframe></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 18pt;"><br /></span></div>
<h3 style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: 18pt;"><b>What is Sprinkler Identification Number (SIN)?</b></span></h3>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 18pt;">SIN consists of one or two characters
identifying the manufacturer, followed by three or four digits to uniquely
identify a sprinkler characteristics such as K-factor, deflector
characteristic, pressure rating, and thermal sensitivity.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 18pt;"><br /></span></div>
<h3 style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: 18pt;"><b>What is Thermal Sensitivity of Automatic Sprinklers?</b></span></h3>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 18pt;">A measure of the rapidity with which the
thermal element operates as installed in a specific sprinkler or sprinkler
assembly. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 18pt;">One measure of thermal sensitivity is
the response time index (RTI). <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 18pt;"><u><b><br /></b></u></span></div>
<h4 style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: 18pt;"><u><b>Value of RTI shall be as followings:</b></u></span></h4>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 18pt;">(a) For RTI of 50 (meters-seconds)1∕2 or
less, sprinkler is defined as fast response<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 18pt;">(b) For RTI of 80 (meters-seconds)1∕2 or
more, Sprinkler is defined as standard response.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 18pt;">(c) For RTI greater than 50 and less
than 80 (meters-seconds)1∕2, sprinkler is defined as special response.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 18pt;"><br /></span>
<br />
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: 18pt;">What are Sprinkler Discharge Characteristics?</span></h3>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 18pt;">Sprinkler K-factor, and thread type
shall be in accordance with the following table according to NFPA 13:<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="font-size: 18pt;"><br /></span>
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiwnkUkNRblEOCYgC68Ar9kp0iX73ZnYARgB3DmnQQQSB3P45tPaWSHxKGFd0dYSpejFb_ekO_lcaZ49d4727-cf_1a-_9ztKR4Ec280Cudgm9rjEOhm4WcJHb8rINlOB87tHe1fUUQlawx/s1600/K-Factor.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Sprinkler Characteristics According to NFPA 13 - 2019 Edition" border="0" data-original-height="1541" data-original-width="1600" height="616" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiwnkUkNRblEOCYgC68Ar9kp0iX73ZnYARgB3DmnQQQSB3P45tPaWSHxKGFd0dYSpejFb_ekO_lcaZ49d4727-cf_1a-_9ztKR4Ec280Cudgm9rjEOhm4WcJHb8rINlOB87tHe1fUUQlawx/s640/K-Factor.jpg" title="Sprinkler Characteristics According to NFPA 13 - 2019 Edition" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="font-size: 12.8px;"><h2 style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: 18pt;"><span style="font-size: x-small; font-weight: normal;">Sprinkler Characteristics According to NFPA 13 - 2019 Edition</span></span></h2>
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<br /></div>
<h3 style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: 18pt;"><b>What are Temperature Characteristics of Automatic Sprinklers?</b></span></h3>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 18pt;">Automatic sprinklers shall have their
frame arms, deflector, coating material, or liquid bulb colored in accordance
with the requirements of the following table <o:p></o:p></span><span style="font-size: 18pt;">according to NFPA 13:</span><br />
<span style="font-size: 18pt;"><br /></span>
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEje8rTxitgnr4uhuYcX_FICdeH7KraeUu_SLddM0ACIOt5sS6gpY3QXejFTpI-hmuCkRfBtBLHiybueMw2ZzvG0mT9T4z_B_3ClQ3K-Xwkv5UUHZ18NqscniCbe95G2O7_XD_fv7SK4WyzS/s1600/Temperature.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Sprinkler Characteristics According to NFPA 13 - 2019 Edition" border="0" data-original-height="1228" data-original-width="1600" height="490" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEje8rTxitgnr4uhuYcX_FICdeH7KraeUu_SLddM0ACIOt5sS6gpY3QXejFTpI-hmuCkRfBtBLHiybueMw2ZzvG0mT9T4z_B_3ClQ3K-Xwkv5UUHZ18NqscniCbe95G2O7_XD_fv7SK4WyzS/s640/Temperature.jpg" title="Sprinkler Characteristics According to NFPA 13 - 2019 Edition" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><h2 style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: 18pt;"><span style="font-size: x-small; font-weight: normal;">Sprinkler Characteristics According to NFPA 13 - 2019 Edition</span></span></h2>
<div>
</div>
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 18pt;"><br /></span></div>
<h3 style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: 18pt;"><b>What are the Available Installation Orientation of Automatic Sprinklers?</b></span></h3>
<h4 style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: left;">
</h4>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<h4 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: 18pt;"><b>Pendent Sprinkler:</b></span></h4>
<span style="font-size: 18pt;">A sprinkler designed
to be installed in such a way that the water stream is directed downward
against the deflector.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 18pt;"><b><br /></b></span>
<br />
<h4 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: 18pt;"><b>Upright Sprinkler:</b></span></h4>
<span style="font-size: 18pt;">A sprinkler designed
to be installed in such a way that the water spray is directed upwards against
the deflector.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 18pt;"><b><br /></b></span>
<br />
<h4 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: 18pt;"><b>Sidewall Sprinkler:</b></span></h4>
<span style="font-size: 18pt;">A sprinkler having
special deflectors that are designed to discharge most of the water away from
the nearby wall in a pattern resembling one quarter of a sphere, with a small
portion of the discharge directed at the wall behind the sprinkler.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 18pt;"><b><br /></b></span>
<br />
<h4 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: 18pt;"><b>Concealed Sprinkler:</b></span></h4>
<span style="font-size: 18pt;">A recessed
sprinkler with cover plate.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 18pt;"><b><br /></b></span>
<br />
<h4 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: 18pt;"><b>Flush Sprinkler:</b></span></h4>
<span style="font-size: 18pt;">A sprinkler in which
all or part of the body, including the shank thread, is mounted above the lower
plane of the ceiling.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 18pt;"><b><br /></b></span>
<br />
<h4 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: 18pt;"><b>Recessed Sprinkler:</b></span></h4>
<span style="font-size: 18pt;">A sprinkler in which
all or part of the body, other than the shank thread, is mounted within a
recessed housing.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 18pt;"><br /></span></div>
<h3 style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: 18pt;"><b>What are Sprinkler Types defined according to
design and performance characteristics?</b></span></h3>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 18pt;"><b><br /></b></span>
<br />
<h4 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: 18pt;"><b>Spray Sprinkler:</b></span></h4>
<span style="font-size: 18pt;">A type of sprinkler
listed for its capability to provide fire control for a wide range of fire
hazards. Spray sprinklers are available in two categories, <b>Standard spray</b> and
<b>extended coverage</b> sprinklers.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 18pt;"><b><br /></b></span>
<br />
<h4 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: 18pt;"><b>Quick-Response (QR) Sprinkler:</b></span></h4>
<span style="font-size: 18pt;">A type of
spray sprinkler that has a thermal element with an RTI of 50 (meter-seconds)1∕2
or less.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 18pt;"><b><br /></b></span>
<br />
<h4 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: 18pt;"><b>Control Mode Density/Area (CMDA)
Sprinkler:</b></span></h4>
<span style="font-size: 18pt;">A type of spray sprinkler intended to provide fire control in storage
applications using the design density/area criteria.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 18pt;"><b><br /></b></span>
<br />
<h4>
<span style="font-size: 18pt;"><b>Control Mode Specific Application (CMSA)
Sprinkler:</b></span></h4>
<span style="font-size: 18pt;">A type of spray sprinkler that is capable of producing
characteristic large water droplets and that is listed for its capability to
provide fire control of specific high-challenge fire hazards.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 18pt;"><b><br /></b></span>
<br />
<h4 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: 18pt;"><b>Early Suppression Fast-Response (ESFR)
Sprinkler:</b></span></h4>
<span style="font-size: 18pt;">A type of fast-response sprinkler that has a thermal element with an
RTI of 50 (meters-seconds)1∕2 or less and is listed for its capability to
provide fire suppression of specific high challenge fire hazards.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 18pt;"><b><br /></b></span>
<br />
<h4 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: 18pt;"><b>Nozzle: </b></span></h4>
<span style="font-size: 18pt;">A device for use in applications
requiring special water discharge patterns, directional spray, or other unusual
discharge characteristics.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 18pt;"><b><br /></b></span>
<br />
<h4 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: 18pt;"><b>Open Sprinkler:</b></span></h4>
<span style="font-size: 18pt;">A sprinkler that does
not have actuators or heat-responsive elements.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 18pt;"><b><br /></b></span>
<br />
<h4 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: 18pt;"><b>Residential Sprinkler:</b> </span></h4>
<span style="font-size: 18pt;">A type of
fast-response sprinkler having a thermal element with an RTI of 50
(meters-seconds)1∕2 or less that has been specifically investigated for its
ability to enhance survivability in the room of fire origin and that is listed
for use in the protection of dwelling units.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="font-size: 18pt;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: 18pt;"><br /></span>
<br />
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: 18pt;"><u>References of this article:</u></span></h3>
<br />
<span style="font-size: 18pt;"><b><a href="https://www.nfpa.org/codes-and-standards/all-codes-and-standards/list-of-codes-and-standards/detail?code=13" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">NFPA 13</a> - 2019 edition</b> (Standard of Installation of Automatic Sprinklers)</span><br />
<span style="font-size: 18pt;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: 18pt;"><br /></span>
<br />
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: 18pt;"><u>Read Also:</u></span></h3>
<span style="font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2019/09/sprinklers-in-electrical-rooms.html" target="_blank">Sprinklers Installation & Omission In Electrical Rooms</a></span><br />
<a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2018/12/pipe-schedules-for-sprinklers-above.html" target="_blank"><span style="font-size: large;">Pipe Schedule for Sprinklers Above & Below Ceiling</span></a><br /><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2018/11/return-bend-requirements-according-to.html" target="_blank"><span style="font-size: large;">Return Bend Requirements For Sprinkler Systems</span></a><br /><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2018/10/distance-below-ceiling-for-standard.html" target="_blank"><span style="font-size: large;">Distance Below Ceiling For Standard Pendant & Upright Sprinklers</span></a><br />
<a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2018/10/sprinkler-positioning-in-angled.html" target="_blank"><span style="font-size: large;">Sprinklers Positioning In Angled & Irregular Shaped Rooms</span></a><br />
<a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2018/09/small-room-sprinkler-design.html" target="_blank"><span style="font-size: large;">Sprinkler Distribution In Small Rooms</span></a><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
<br /></div>
Muhammad Mosadhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05468473036987685760noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6853632856711530111.post-61925849538465632502019-09-02T17:26:00.002+02:002021-11-18T12:01:34.461+02:00Sprinklers in electrical rooms according to NFPA 13<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<h2 style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span style="color: red; font-size: x-large;">Sprinklers in Electrical Rooms</span></span></h2>
<div>
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif""><span style="color: red; font-size: x-large;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgy1ddOrLHJFdmWX4idyX8taZvIQIKbsJeRe0d4H8OHFSTRkdwsdwOnUsCbLb1nL6hMMPYOnjZp5VruUZpnfZp0JEB5yVtZpACZDP2QDM6GPmWq0GkoXXyBtc1lWxNNFf29aX1O-HFbBBmm/s1600/sprinkler-in-electrical-room.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Sprinklers in electrical rooms according to NFPA 13" border="0" data-original-height="628" data-original-width="1200" height="334" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgy1ddOrLHJFdmWX4idyX8taZvIQIKbsJeRe0d4H8OHFSTRkdwsdwOnUsCbLb1nL6hMMPYOnjZp5VruUZpnfZp0JEB5yVtZpACZDP2QDM6GPmWq0GkoXXyBtc1lWxNNFf29aX1O-HFbBBmm/s640/sprinkler-in-electrical-room.jpg" title="Sprinklers in electrical rooms according to NFPA 13" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Sprinklers in electrical rooms according to NFPA 13</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="font-size: 20pt;"><span style="color: red;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div>
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="font-size: 20pt;">This article is not about high value equipment rooms like server rooms which shall be protected by a system other than sprinkler systems, this is about basic electrical rooms like (</span><span face=""arial" , sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 26.6667px;">switchboards, panelboards, switchgear, or motor control centers) 1000 volts nominal or less.</span></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 26.6667px;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span face=""arial" , sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 26.6667px;"><br /></span></span></div>
<h3 style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: left;">
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="font-size: 20pt;">Are <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fire_sprinkler" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">sprinklers</a> or sprinkler piping
permitted to be installed in electrical rooms?</span></h3>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="font-size: 20pt;"><br /></span>
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="font-size: 20pt;">According to <a href="https://www.nfpa.org/codes-and-standards/all-codes-and-standards/list-of-codes-and-standards/detail?code=13" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">NFPA 13</a> – 2019 edition, Sprinklers
and sprinkler piping is permitted in and is permitted to pass through an
electrical room as long as the piping is not within the “dedicated electrical
space”.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="font-size: 20pt;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="font-size: 20pt;">Sprinkler systems had been successfully
installed in rooms containing electrical equipment for 100 years, with no
documented instances of a problem, this measure was always controversial, based
on the following concerns for fire fighters:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="font-size: 20pt;">1- Risk safety for responding firefighters
in or near electrical rooms where sprinklers might be discharging over live
equipment. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="font-size: 20pt;">2- Water would cause additional damage to
the electrical equipment.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 26.6667px;"><br /></span></span>
<span face=""arial" , sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 26.6667px;">Considering above concerns, NFPA has permitted to omit sprinklers of electrical room in specific cases which will be discussed later in this article.</span></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="font-size: 20pt;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="font-size: 20pt;"><br /></span></div>
<h3 style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: left;">
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="font-size: 20pt;">What is dedicated electrical space?</span></h3>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="font-size: 20pt;"><br /></span>
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="font-size: 20pt;">According to <a href="https://www.nfpa.org/codes-and-standards/all-codes-and-standards/list-of-codes-and-standards/detail?code=70" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">NFPA 70</a> – 2017 edition, a dedicated electrical space is defined as the space
equal to the width and the depth of the equipment extending from the floor to a
height of 1.8 m above the equipment or the structural ceiling, whichever is
lower.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="font-size: 20pt;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="font-size: 20pt;"><br /></span></div>
<h3 style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: left;">
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="font-size: 20pt;">Can we install sprinklers in the
dedicated electrical space?</span></h3>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="font-size: 20pt;"><br /></span>
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="font-size: 20pt;">Systems or equipment foreign to the
electrical installation such as (Plumbing, heating, ventilation, and air
conditioning piping, ducts, and equipment) are not allowed in dedicated
electrical space and must be installed outside this space. So, as long as the
sprinkler piping does not run through this space, it can go in and out of the
electric room without any issue, while busways, conduits, raceways, and cables
are permitted to enter equipment through this zone. Foreign systems installed
directly above the dedicated space reserved for electrical equipment are required
to include protective equipment that ensures that occurrences such as leaks,
condensation, and even breaks do not damage the electrical equipment located
below.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="font-size: 20pt;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="font-size: 20pt;"><br /></span></div>
<h3 style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: left;">
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="font-size: 20pt;">Can we install sprinkler piping above the
dedicated electrical space?</span></h3>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="font-size: 20pt;"><br /></span>
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="font-size: 20pt;">Foreign systems are allowed in the area above
the dedicated electrical space as long as the electrical equipment is properly
protected against leaks or breaks in the foreign system. So the sprinkler
piping can run above the dedicated electrical space 1.8 m above equipment as
long as the equipment below is protected from leaks.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="font-size: 20pt;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="font-size: 20pt;"><br /></span></div>
<h3 style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: left;">
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="font-size: 20pt;">Can we protect dedicated electrical space
by sprinkler system?</span></h3>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="font-size: 20pt;"><br /></span>
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="font-size: 20pt;">Sprinkler protection is permitted for the
dedicated space if complying with above mentioned constraints.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="font-size: 20pt;">Note that: Leak protection could include
drip pans which may create an obstruction to sprinkler system discharge. So, it
is always best to avoid locating sprinklers and sprinkler piping directly above
electrical equipment, additionally, sprinklers and sprinkler piping are not
permitted to be located directly within the working space for the equipment as
shown in the figures below.</span><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 20pt;"> </span><br />
<span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 20pt;"><br /></span>
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhEMvkfNRoHMIfBtjrBJE-Sid_BPOgB5dzqYIs3b5hQj6jrHpkfj4ljqFFPBRNqlxFfE7Mdi28eCA-fr4hBeTcF7voTFrYMLZwwlMZbzHsoLqoxifZ2UMyZ-dIsE_-PQLU9Qw-ClyPbauI-/s1600/blog+header.png" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Sprinklers in electrical rooms according to NFPA 13" border="0" data-original-height="736" data-original-width="708" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhEMvkfNRoHMIfBtjrBJE-Sid_BPOgB5dzqYIs3b5hQj6jrHpkfj4ljqFFPBRNqlxFfE7Mdi28eCA-fr4hBeTcF7voTFrYMLZwwlMZbzHsoLqoxifZ2UMyZ-dIsE_-PQLU9Qw-ClyPbauI-/s640/blog+header.png" title="Sprinklers in electrical rooms according to NFPA 13" width="614" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="font-size: 12.8px;">Sprinklers in electrical rooms according to NFPA 13</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgiHbXIr-QxR3p9oaN3li6mAaMcHcXAC1n5a6kMrsM-zg3-6PALJWQ3CbxZz21MlvG5iNwP0XmFoJhxhLcmPPiuH2RrOr7J4GaOAUAOrRb2Q0cjHQvpNrxKYCi_lHLeS1BFL0hyNzifwI_K/s1600/photo+2.png" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Sprinklers in electrical rooms according to NFPA 13" border="0" data-original-height="801" data-original-width="543" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgiHbXIr-QxR3p9oaN3li6mAaMcHcXAC1n5a6kMrsM-zg3-6PALJWQ3CbxZz21MlvG5iNwP0XmFoJhxhLcmPPiuH2RrOr7J4GaOAUAOrRb2Q0cjHQvpNrxKYCi_lHLeS1BFL0hyNzifwI_K/s640/photo+2.png" title="Sprinklers in electrical rooms according to NFPA 13" width="432" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="font-size: 12.8px;">Sprinklers in electrical rooms according to NFPA 13</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<h3 style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: left;">
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="font-size: 20pt;"><br />When can we omit Sprinklers in electrical
equipment rooms?</span></h3>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="font-size: 20pt;"><u><br /></u></span>
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="font-size: 20pt;"><u>Where all of the following conditions are
met, sprinklers shall not be required in electrical rooms:<o:p></o:p></u></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="font-size: 20pt;">(1) The room is dedicated to electrical
equipment only.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="font-size: 20pt;">(2) Only dry-type or liquid-type with
listed K-class fluid electrical equipment is used.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="font-size: 20pt;">(3) Equipment is installed in a 2-hour
fire-rated enclosure including protection for penetrations.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="font-size: 20pt;">(4) Storage is not permitted in the room.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="font-size: 20pt;"><br /></span>
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="font-size: 20pt;"><br /></span>
<br />
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: 20pt;"><u>References of this article:</u></span></h3>
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="font-size: 20pt;"><b>1- <a href="https://www.nfpa.org/codes-and-standards/all-codes-and-standards/list-of-codes-and-standards/detail?code=13" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">NFPA 13</a> - 2019 edition</b> (Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems).</span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="font-size: 20pt;"><b>2- <a href="https://www.nfpa.org/codes-and-standards/all-codes-and-standards/list-of-codes-and-standards/detail?code=70" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">NFPA 70</a> - 2017 edition</b> (National Electric Code).</span><br />
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="font-size: 20pt;"><br /></span>
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="font-size: 20pt;"><br /></span>
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEicCaF_hdjtjBSJsoXYjATCmaU81SXV-wFfYyquE8bvtH6fUFb-nlAkWiChGqHd8E0s_IVUvoWMmVpaGWLlMrp6X2NGz9nTP66KPN5mdjh7sNIpPqL9m3tdKohnP3aAC4Fx42-_OJMJ90o0/s1600/Part1-01-FB.png" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Fire Protection Specialists" border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1600" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEicCaF_hdjtjBSJsoXYjATCmaU81SXV-wFfYyquE8bvtH6fUFb-nlAkWiChGqHd8E0s_IVUvoWMmVpaGWLlMrp6X2NGz9nTP66KPN5mdjh7sNIpPqL9m3tdKohnP3aAC4Fx42-_OJMJ90o0/s320/Part1-01-FB.png" title="Fire Protection Specialists" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span style="color: red; font-size: large;"><b>Fire Protection Specialists</b></span><br /><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Keeping You Up To Code</b></span></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="font-size: 20pt;"><br /></span></div>
</div>
Muhammad Mosadhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05468473036987685760noreply@blogger.com33tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6853632856711530111.post-32732167068436482112019-08-28T20:05:00.002+02:002024-01-08T20:14:45.749+02:00Fire Department connection according to NFPA 13<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<h2 style="text-align: center;">
<span style="color: red; font-size: x-large;">Fire Department Connection (FDC)</span></h2>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiy9xTvQeBNniVl6uTR02eNskuAveiQh2YBROztt32I5Z7jT8uQAar06_JsTp-ETt2sBWTsep8PdyP9ruytIc8seQtfci1UpOIn29sfS9rUg2f8F2GnosJCyFl4hS-aEQhyphenhyphenbsfa7FKm8oJs/s1600/fdc+-+nfpa13+-+blog+actual+size.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Fire Department connection according to NFPA 13" border="0" data-original-height="628" data-original-width="1200" height="332" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiy9xTvQeBNniVl6uTR02eNskuAveiQh2YBROztt32I5Z7jT8uQAar06_JsTp-ETt2sBWTsep8PdyP9ruytIc8seQtfci1UpOIn29sfS9rUg2f8F2GnosJCyFl4hS-aEQhyphenhyphenbsfa7FKm8oJs/s640/fdc+-+nfpa13+-+blog+actual+size.jpg" title="Fire Department connection according to NFPA 13" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption">Fire Department Connection according to NFPA 13</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td class="tr-caption"><h3 style="text-align: left;"><br /></h3>
<h3>
<span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"><u>What is Fire department connection (FDC)?!</u></span></h3>
<span face="arial, helvetica, sans-serif" style="font-size: large;">A connection through which the fire department can pump supplemental water into the sprinkler system, standpipe, or other water-based fire protection systems, furnishing water for fire extinguishment to supplement existing water supplies.</span><h3 style="text-align: left;">
<b style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;"><u style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: large;">Purpose of FDC:</span></u></b></h3>
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<span style="font-size: large;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: medium;">To supplement the water supply but not necessarily provide the entire sprinkler system demand, Fire department connections are not intended to deliver a specific volume of water.</span></span><br />
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"><b><u>When FDC is required:</u></b></span></h3>
<span style="font-size: large;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">FDC is required for all building except the followings: </span></span><br />
<ol style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">
<li><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Buildings in remote areas inaccessible for fire department. </span></li>
<li><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Large-capacity deluge systems exceeding fire department pumping capacity. </span></li>
<li><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Single-story buildings not exceeding 185 m2 in area.</span></li></span></span></ol>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"><b><u>Location of FDCs:</u></b></span></h3>
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">At nearest point of fire department apparatus accessibility, or at a location approved by the AHJ.</span></span></span><h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"><b><u>Installation Height of FDC:</u></b></span></h3>
<span style="font-size: large;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Not less than 500 mm and not more than 1200 mm above grade.</span></span><h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"><b><u>Valves on FDC piping:</u></b></span></h3>
<ul><span style="font-size: large;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">
<li><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Shutoff valves shall not be permitted in fire department connection piping. </span></li>
<li><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">A listed check valve shall be installed in each fire department connection and shall be located in an accessible location with automatic drain valve where subject to freezing.</span></li></span></span></ul>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"><b><u>Sizing of fire department connection:</u></b></span></h3>
<span style="font-size: large;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">The size of the pipe for the fire department connection shall be in accordance with one of the following: </span></span><br />
<ul style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">
<li><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Pipe size shall be a minimum of 4 in. (100 mm) for fire engine connections. </span></li>
<li><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Pipe size shall be a minimum of 6 in. (150 mm) for fire boat connections. </span></li>
<li><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">For hydraulically calculated systems, the pipe size shall be permitted to be less than 4 in. (100 mm), but not less than the largest riser.</span></li></span></span></ul>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: large;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><b style="text-decoration-line: underline;"><u>No. of 2.5” inlets:</u></b></span></span></h3>
<ul style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">
<li><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">For riser 3” or smaller: Single 2.5” outlet</span></li></span></span></ul>
<ul style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">
<li><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">For riser larger than 3”: Two 2.5” outlets</span></li></span></span></ul>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"><b><u>Attachments to FDCs:</u></b></span></h3>
<span style="font-size: large;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">Approved plugs or caps, properly secured and arranged for easy removal by fire departments. </span></span><br />
<div>
<span style="font-size: large;"><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span>
<span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></div>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
</h3>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;">To know the requirements of fire department connections to be installed for stand pipe system according to NFPA 14, please <a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2019/08/FireDept.Connection.html" target="_blank">Click here</a>.</span></blockquote>
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span>
</span><br />
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"><b><u>References of this article:</u></b></span></h3>
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span style="font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.nfpa.org/codes-and-standards/all-codes-and-standards/list-of-codes-and-standards/detail?code=13">NFPA 13</a> - 2019 edition (Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems)</span></span><br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: large;"><span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">
</span>
</span><br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span style="color: red; font-size: x-large;"><b>Fire Protection Specialists</b></span></span></div>
</div>
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><div style="text-align: center;"><br /></div>
</span>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><span style="font-size: large;"><b>Keeping You Up To Code </b></span></span></div>
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">
</span>
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<span face=""arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif">
<br /><br /> </span></div>
Muhammad Mosadhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05468473036987685760noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6853632856711530111.post-36536097660705287402019-08-28T12:55:00.000+02:002019-11-20T11:59:07.525+02:00Fire Dept. Connection according to NFPA 14<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<br />
<h2 style="text-align: center;">
<span style="color: red; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: x-large;">Fire Department Connection Requirements According to NFPA14</span></h2>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"></span><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img alt="Fire Department connection (FDC) - NFPA 14" border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgemiwSZ7-Xs_CBMyxvuO_p-5HwKqW_aP176Vtuf96eZh7YaOhd_AKBbzcRWAKCQhDM4EWt8bvzYfQ7guIyGDfES1U6Duz6nKhsUjNfddtMIwNhQE6K-6lfpjeYM54VUK-FA3S7Z_o2XMrv/s640/fdc+-+nfpa14+-+blog+actual+size.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" title="Fire Department connection (FDC) - NFPA 14" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Fire Department connection (FDC) - NFPA 14</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span><h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"> What is fire department connection?!</span></h3>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;">According to NFPA 14 - 2019 edition, Fire department connections is a connection through which the fire department can pump the primary water supply to a manual standpipe system or the secondary water supply to an automatic standpipe system at the required system demand. Supplemental water can also be provided into the sprinkler system or other system furnishing water for fire extinguishment to supplement existing water supplies.</span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span><h3 style="text-align: left;">
<b><u><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"> Valves for FDC:</span></u></b></h3>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;">Isolation valves shall not be permitted.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;">A listed check valve shall be installed in each fire department connection as close as possible to fire department connection inlets, and shall be located in accessible location with automatic drain valve where subject to freezing.</span></li>
</ul>
</span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span><h3 style="text-align: left;">
<b><u><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"> Location of FDC:</span></u></b></h3>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;">Visible and recognizable from street or nearest fire department access, or on street side of buildings.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;">Located within 15.2 m of street or nearest fire department access.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;">Not more than 30.5 m from nearest fire hydrant, unless approved by AHJ.</span></li>
</ul>
</span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span><h3 style="text-align: left;">
<b><u><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"> Height of FDC:</span></u></b></h3>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;">Not less than 457 mm or more than 1219 mm above grade.<br /> </span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span><h3 style="text-align: left;">
<b><u><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"> No. of inlets of FDC:</span></u></b></h3>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;">At least two 2½ in. threaded connections.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;">One 2½ in. inlet per every 250 gpm of the system demand, so depending on the size of the system more connections might be required, The required no. of inlets shall be permitted to be provided on multiple fire department connections.</span></li>
</ul>
</span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span><h3 style="text-align: left;">
<b><u><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"> Number of FDCs:</span></u></b></h3>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;">One or more for each zone of Class I or III standpipes, unless fire department cannot supply high-zone.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;">Two remotely located fire department connections for each zone in High-rise buildings.</span></li>
</ul>
</span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><br /> </span><div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
<div>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<b><u><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;">Attachments to FDCs:</span></u></b></h3>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;">Approved plugs or caps, secured, with easy removal by fire department.</span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span><h3 style="text-align: left;">
<b><u><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"> Where FDC is attached to system?</span></u></b></h3>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;">On discharge side of fire fighting pump.<br /> </span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span><blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;">For information about requirements for installing fire departments for automatic sprinkler systems according to NFPA 13, please <a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2019/08/fire-department-connection.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">click here</a>.</span></blockquote>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span><h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><u>References of this article:</u></b></span></h3>
</div>
<div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b><a href="https://www.nfpa.org/codes-and-standards/all-codes-and-standards/list-of-codes-and-standards/detail?code=14" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">NFPA 14</a></b> - 2019 edition (</span><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #222222;">Standard for the Installation of Standpipe and Hose Systems)</span><br /> </span><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></span></span><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></span></span></div>
<span style="background-color: white;"><div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: red; font-size: x-large;"><b>Fire Protection Specialists</b></span></span></div>
</span></div>
<div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"><b>Keeping You Up To Code</b></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><div style="text-align: center;">
<b><br /></b></div>
</span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"> </span></div>
</div>
Muhammad Mosadhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05468473036987685760noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6853632856711530111.post-46200287850698043652019-06-04T20:38:00.001+02:002019-08-30T13:08:10.023+02:00Anti-Vortex Plate According to NFPA 20 & 22<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<h2 style="text-align: center;">
<span style="color: red; font-size: x-large;">Anti-Vortex Plate According to NFPA 20 & 22</span></h2>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg-cRBn1ObJhYA96v7CtlQWcRTUW_oJpXuwdlZMqd_pvB0ZZErf1KibsiLE4re-R5vKbSAQy4k7io08UHxHS5ofPAYPjQMbTw4TSlUF4ssgzloRqdCWPs5PBvF0RXVXrcC4D0OEDJ_xTQZ_/s1600/Anti-Vortex+Plate+-+blog.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Anti-Vortex Plate According to NFPA 20 & 22" border="0" data-original-height="628" data-original-width="1200" height="334" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg-cRBn1ObJhYA96v7CtlQWcRTUW_oJpXuwdlZMqd_pvB0ZZErf1KibsiLE4re-R5vKbSAQy4k7io08UHxHS5ofPAYPjQMbTw4TSlUF4ssgzloRqdCWPs5PBvF0RXVXrcC4D0OEDJ_xTQZ_/s640/Anti-Vortex+Plate+-+blog.jpg" title="Anti-Vortex Plate According to NFPA 20 & 22" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Anti Vortex Plate According to NFPA 20 & 22</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">When to install "Anti-Vortex Plate"?:</span></h3>
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Where a <b><span style="color: red;">tank </span></b>is used as the suction source for a fire pump, the discharge outlet of the tank shall be equipped with an assembly that controls vortex flow.</span></li>
</ul>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Purpose of using "Anti-Vortex Plate"?:</span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><ul style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: medium;">
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Anti-Vortex plate is installed in the suction line of fire pumps to control the </span><span style="color: red;">turbulence </span><span style="font-weight: 400;">in a flowing water, They are simple in design and very effectively controlling the </span><span style="color: red;">velocity </span><span style="font-weight: 400;">of the fluid thus preventing </span><span style="color: red;">cavitation </span><span style="font-weight: 400;">to fire pumps and damage to impellers.</span></span></li>
</ul>
Dimensions of "Anti-Vortex Plate"?:</span></h3>
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The assembly shall consist of a horizontal steel plate that is at least <span style="color: red;"><b>twice the diameter of the outlet on an elbow fitting</b></span>.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Large, standard size anti-vortex plates [<span style="color: red;"><b>48 in. X 48 in.</b> </span>(1219 mm × 1219 mm)] are <b><span style="color: red;">most common</span></b> and are desirable, as they are adequate for all sizes of fire protection pump suction pipes normally used.</span></li>
</ul>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Installation dimensions:</span></h3>
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Mounted at the outlet a distance above the bottom of the tank equal to one<b><span style="color: red;">-half the diameter of the discharge pipe</span></b> or <b><span style="color: red;">152mm </span></b>whichever is greater.</span></li>
</ul>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Anti-Vortex Plate Inspection:</span></h3>
<div>
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Inspection of anti-vortex plate shall be <b><span style="color: red;">after </span></b>completion of the tank construction, and <b><span style="color: red;">before </span></b>filling the tank with water.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The inspection shall verify that the horizontal steel plate and long radius elbow are installed properly and meet the requirements of dimensions and installation height mentioned above.</span></li>
</ul>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Below are illustration for installation of anti-vortex plate for various types of tanks according to NFPA 22 (Standard for water tanks for private fire protection):</span></h3>
</div>
<br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEho7TH-uP2eLkRajl1XMkOYjiIriY8ZSIhprVfl98nTcBE3CRpztKZf31bwjc7fOHFBajuebVREi3yzENimPK_ivY5qsV3K6QW9sHuBCasBzpR9yHZikZgOkFoiIBH65iHuBxz_cum21sPj/s1600/Untitled.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Anti-Vortex Plate" border="0" data-original-height="886" data-original-width="964" height="588" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEho7TH-uP2eLkRajl1XMkOYjiIriY8ZSIhprVfl98nTcBE3CRpztKZf31bwjc7fOHFBajuebVREi3yzENimPK_ivY5qsV3K6QW9sHuBCasBzpR9yHZikZgOkFoiIBH65iHuBxz_cum21sPj/s640/Untitled.jpg" title="Anti-Vortex Plate" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Anti-Vortex Plate</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhNwoABUYBxSEXW2nP5Kxi3k49qNFWdfq_CjMEE2M_UE3Srazxg1NdNhlQo37Zc9on-V-O8ERK5QFnBPDWU0nWYPutbNgQCgcIjEuwONRgfajUKt9vYK3PmBky8oprTHni4vKjYhFqVmfE3/s1600/Untitled1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Anti-Vortex Plate" border="0" data-original-height="893" data-original-width="1230" height="464" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhNwoABUYBxSEXW2nP5Kxi3k49qNFWdfq_CjMEE2M_UE3Srazxg1NdNhlQo37Zc9on-V-O8ERK5QFnBPDWU0nWYPutbNgQCgcIjEuwONRgfajUKt9vYK3PmBky8oprTHni4vKjYhFqVmfE3/s640/Untitled1.jpg" title="Anti-Vortex Plate" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Anti-Vortex Plate</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjmgKDq5o8jqWHRAGRpdBESUfrYBnT76tRS87y00kG36MB60ga6X9NYlUSvZhDNkhx18e_fG95KauQaMWGbSYVCo_9irLtuM6CZhDfz_0IaXr8JKfvnVD7mZJ1q_a0rl5kdLThNW3S0m9Sj/s1600/Untitled2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Anti-Vortex Plate" border="0" data-original-height="819" data-original-width="923" height="566" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjmgKDq5o8jqWHRAGRpdBESUfrYBnT76tRS87y00kG36MB60ga6X9NYlUSvZhDNkhx18e_fG95KauQaMWGbSYVCo_9irLtuM6CZhDfz_0IaXr8JKfvnVD7mZJ1q_a0rl5kdLThNW3S0m9Sj/s640/Untitled2.jpg" title="Anti-Vortex Plate" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Anti-Vortex Plate</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<br />
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">References of this article:</span></h3>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b>- NFPA 20 </b></span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">(Standard for the installation of stationary pumps for fire protection)</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b>- NFPA 22 </b></span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">(Standard for water tanks for private fire protection)</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjWsdC0fVkXVoXqmlltjaVY7GisPxc0z9MMql-vnrHNWCcjnP19k7bhc1FO_g2wySWiaB_Srx9dMbxE1n28dqsD58GLeIPHK7FHSd7yeNEv8-FnUVXlEPPYss7i5k72ewmxZjOzsA0kcmIq/s1600/Part1-01-FB.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Anti-Vortex Plate According to NFPA 20 & 22" border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1600" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjWsdC0fVkXVoXqmlltjaVY7GisPxc0z9MMql-vnrHNWCcjnP19k7bhc1FO_g2wySWiaB_Srx9dMbxE1n28dqsD58GLeIPHK7FHSd7yeNEv8-FnUVXlEPPYss7i5k72ewmxZjOzsA0kcmIq/s320/Part1-01-FB.png" title="Anti-Vortex Plate According to NFPA 20 & 22" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-size: large;">Fire Protection Specialists</span></b><br />
<span style="color: red; font-size: small;"><b>Keeping You Up To Code</b></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<br /></div>
Muhammad Mosadhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05468473036987685760noreply@blogger.com25tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6853632856711530111.post-16457974722641325212019-05-24T23:07:00.001+02:002020-10-01T13:12:02.333+02:00Where standpipe system is required?!<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<h2 style="text-align: center;">
<span style="color: red; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: x-large;">Where Standpipe System is Required?</span></h2>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></span></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjKCKJBRUbWIwuVEGZ9SWVJNlkW-U-za3VsSyopgf0fHAvGVKh2feukMVYbu2j23sGkkr3ZCj7MLqrRz2jv_qRoC5Iz3uxasva5GbaOKxlC-6QzpiYj12xaFW1h_dszD2P76s9gBVUGoOTZ/s1600/Where-standpipe-required.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Where standpipe system is required?! According to NFPA 1 - 2018" border="0" data-original-height="628" data-original-width="1200" height="334" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjKCKJBRUbWIwuVEGZ9SWVJNlkW-U-za3VsSyopgf0fHAvGVKh2feukMVYbu2j23sGkkr3ZCj7MLqrRz2jv_qRoC5Iz3uxasva5GbaOKxlC-6QzpiYj12xaFW1h_dszD2P76s9gBVUGoOTZ/s640/Where-standpipe-required.jpg" title="Where standpipe system is required?! According to NFPA 1 - 2018" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Where standpipe system is required?! According to NFPA 1 - 2018</span><br />
<div>
<br style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: medium;" /></div>
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"> </span><br />
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br />According to NFPA 1 - 2018 edition, standpipe system is required as the following:</span></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></span></div>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"><u>For new buildings:</u></span></span></h3>
<br />
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: large;">New buildings shall be equipped with a Class I standpipe system, <u>where any of the following conditions exist:</u></span></span></div>
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: large;">More than three stories above grade where the building is sprinklered.</span></span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: large;">More than two stories above grade where the building is not sprinklered.</span></span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: large;">More than 15 m above grade and containing intermediate stories or balconies.</span></span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: large;">More than one story below grade.</span></span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: large;">More than 6.1 m below grade.</span></span></span></li>
</ul>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"> <span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></span><br />
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"><u>For high-rise buildings:</u></span></span></h3>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: large;">High rise buildings shall be protected throughout by a Class I standpipe system.</span><br /> <span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></span></div>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"><u>For new assembly occupancies:</u></span></span></h3>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: large;">Regular stages over 93 m2 in area and all legitimate stages shall be equipped with 1.5 hose lines at each side of the stage.</span><br /> <span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></span></div>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"><u>For existing assembly occupancies:</u></span></span></h3>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: large;">Stages over 93 m2 in area shall be equipped with 1.5 hose lines at each side of the stage.</span><br /> <span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></span></div>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"><u>For new and Existing Detention and Correctional Facilities:</u></span></span></h3>
<h4 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">Standpipe and hose systems shall be provided as follows:</span></h4>
<div style="text-align: left;">
</div>
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: large;">Class I standpipe systems shall be provided for any building three or more stories in height.</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: large;">Class III standpipe and hose systems shall be provided for all non-sprinklered buildings three or more stories in height.</span></span></li>
</ul>
<h4 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">The requirements of for Detention and Correctional Facilities shall not apply where otherwise permitted by the following:</span></h4>
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: large;">Formed hose 1 in. in diameter, on hose reels shall be permitted to provide ClassII service.</span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: large;">Separate Class I and Class II systems shall be permitted in lieu of a Class III system.</span></span></li>
</ul>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"> <span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></span><br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">For more information about where standpipe system is required, you </span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">have to check it in <b><a href="https://www.nfpa.org/codes-and-standards/all-codes-and-standards/list-of-codes-and-standards/detail?code=5000" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">NFPA 5000</a></b> (</span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">Building Construction and Safety Code) according to the occupancy classification</span></blockquote>
<div>
<span style="background-color: white; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></span></div>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"><u>References of this article:</u></span></span></h3>
<br />
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b style="font-size: x-large;"><a href="https://www.nfpa.org/codes-and-standards/all-codes-and-standards/list-of-codes-and-standards/detail?code=1" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">NFPA 1</a></b><span style="font-size: large;"> - 2018 edition (Fire Code).</span><br /><br /></span></div>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"><u>Read Also:</u></span></span></h3>
<br />
<h2 class="post-title entry-title" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; color: #4f4f4f; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 1px; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0px 0px 5px; outline: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 10px 0px 0px; position: relative; text-transform: uppercase; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline;">
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2019/08/FireDept.Connection.html" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; color: #fd4326; line-height: 1.5; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">FIRE DEPT. CONNECTION ACCORDING TO NFPA 14</span></a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2019/09/sprinklers-in-electrical-rooms.html" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; color: #fd4326; line-height: 1.5; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">SPRINKLERS IN ELECTRICAL ROOMS ACCORDING TO NFPA 13</span></a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2018/12/pipe-schedules-for-sprinklers-above.html" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; color: #fd4326; line-height: 1.5; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">PIPE SCHEDULES FOR SPRINKLERS ABOVE & BELOW CEILING</span></a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2018/11/seismic-separation-assembly-according.html" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; color: #fd4326; line-height: 1.5; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">SEISMIC SEPARATION ASSEMBLY</span></a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2018/11/return-bend-requirements-according-to.html" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; color: #fd4326; line-height: 1.5; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">RETURN BEND REQUIREMENTS ACCORDING TO NFPA 13</span></a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2018/09/small-room-sprinkler-design.html" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; color: #fd4326; line-height: 1.5; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">SPRINKLER DISTRIBUTION IN SMALL ROOMS - NFPA 13</span></a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2018/09/slope-for-sprinkler-system-piping.html" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; color: #fd4326; line-height: 1.5; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">SPRINKLER PIPING SLOPE REQUIREMENTS - NFPA 13</span></a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.fps-eg.com/2018/09/auxiliary-drain-for-firefighting.html" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; color: #fd4326; line-height: 1.5; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: large;">AUXILIARY DRAIN FOR FIREFIGHTING SPRINKLER SYSTEM</span></a></li>
</ul>
</h2>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: red; font-size: x-large;"><b>Fire Protection Specialists</b></span></span></div>
<div style="font-size: x-large; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b>Keeping You Up To Code</b></span></div>
</div>
Muhammad Mosadhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05468473036987685760noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6853632856711530111.post-13378948283931968382019-04-19T17:33:00.001+02:002022-03-24T15:31:41.415+02:00Fire Pump Setting ضبط مضخات الحريق<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="direction: ltr; margin: 0in 0in 10pt 0.25in; text-align: right; text-indent: -0.25in; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<h2 style="text-align: center;">
<b style="text-align: left; text-indent: -0.25in;"><u><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="color: red; font-size: x-large; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">Fire pump Setting</span></u></b></h2>
</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="direction: ltr; margin: 0in 0in 10pt 0.25in; text-indent: -0.25in; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiACl9BWuQoK8huQBG_gIss81BGFhIRfzkVhjKTQ9m3e1jFRRJpJvzBTcj7-6AttKbwHdLz80t8p7moATQyFPtmsxTM0X8erEkS5vPvPLN77XzVia_5wh98CfykvqLKXAl0cNv0P7Lnuowt/s1600/End-suction-vs-HSC---blog.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Fire pump Setting" border="0" data-original-height="628" data-original-width="1200" height="334" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiACl9BWuQoK8huQBG_gIss81BGFhIRfzkVhjKTQ9m3e1jFRRJpJvzBTcj7-6AttKbwHdLz80t8p7moATQyFPtmsxTM0X8erEkS5vPvPLN77XzVia_5wh98CfykvqLKXAl0cNv0P7Lnuowt/s640/End-suction-vs-HSC---blog.jpg" title="Fire pump Setting" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Fire Pump Setting</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<b><u><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><br /></span></u></b>
<br />
<h3 style="text-align: right;">
<b><u><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="font-size: large; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">متطلبات ضبط مضخات الحريق</span></u></b></h3>
</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" dir="rtl" style="margin-right: 0.25in; text-align: right; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "wingdings"; line-height: 115%;">§<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;">يتم ضبط ال </span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;">fire pump</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span>
على قيم ضغط معينه بحيث ان هى تعمل او تتوقف عن العمل عند قيم الضغط دى </span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" dir="rtl" style="margin-right: 0.25in; text-align: right; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="rtl" style="margin-right: 0.25in; text-align: right; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b style="mso-ansi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "wingdings"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;">ال</span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;">fire pump </span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>بتشتغل فى حالة حدوث </span></b><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>pressure drop</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> فى الشبكة
بتاعتي ممكن يكون ناتج عن كسر رشاش عن طريق الخطأ او فتح حنفيه حريق لغرض غير
الاطفاء </span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="rtl" style="margin-right: 0.25in; text-align: right; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="rtl" style="margin-right: 0.25in; text-align: right; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b style="mso-ansi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "wingdings"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;">قيمه ال </span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;">pressure drop</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span>
اللي بتحصل هي اللى بتحدد اي </span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;">pump</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> هتشتغل لان
مش هقدر اشغل ال </span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;">main pump</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> لاسباب
السابقة لانه ده استهلاك ليها وعلشان كده بضبط ال </span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;">setting</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span>
بتاعتي بحيث ان ال </span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;">jockey pump</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> تشتغل عندى
فى حالات تعويض ال </span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;">pressure drop</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> الصغيره</span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="rtl" style="margin-right: 0.25in; text-align: right; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="rtl" style="margin-right: 0.25in; text-align: right; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b style="mso-ansi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "wingdings"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;">اولا بيتم تحديد
قيمة اعلي ضغط فى الشبكة عندى وهو </span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;"><br />
(Churn Pressure + Minimum Static supply pressure for pump )<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="rtl" style="margin-right: 0.25in; text-align: right; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"><br /></span></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="rtl" style="margin-right: 0.25in; text-align: right; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b style="mso-ansi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "wingdings"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;">يتم ضبط ال </span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;">setting</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span>
الخاص بال </span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;">jockey pump</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> بحيث انها
تشتغل فى حالة حدوث </span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;">pressure drop</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> بقيمة<br />
</span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;">Psi 10</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> عن اعلى ضغط فى الشبكة </span></b><b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;">(</span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;">Churn + Minimum Static </span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span>)<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="rtl" style="margin-right: 0.25in; text-align: right; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></b></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<b><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEggwzKutb_k02R41ASJTmhxjVVUqfucVpCIqOzul2KawNBm_DI0N6qjqMReHNl5XKIGjcMhaLvKxHZpvaYUiNSKUzT-UH6VNArwNWfPhlQwD9FhKoeQVXWSHpvI82Vul767TloWlNY7ClA/s1600/1.PNG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="129" data-original-width="599" height="136" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEggwzKutb_k02R41ASJTmhxjVVUqfucVpCIqOzul2KawNBm_DI0N6qjqMReHNl5XKIGjcMhaLvKxHZpvaYUiNSKUzT-UH6VNArwNWfPhlQwD9FhKoeQVXWSHpvI82Vul767TloWlNY7ClA/w640-h136/1.PNG" width="640" /></a></b></div>
<b> </b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></b><br />
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="rtl" style="margin-right: 0.25in; text-align: right; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b style="mso-ansi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "wingdings"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></span></b><b style="text-align: left; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: "wingdings"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><span dir="RTL" style="text-align: left; text-indent: -0.25in;"></span><b style="text-align: left; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;">بتستمر ال </span></b><b style="text-align: left; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;">jockey</span></b><span dir="RTL" style="text-align: left; text-indent: -0.25in;"></span><span dir="RTL" style="text-align: left; text-indent: -0.25in;"></span><b style="text-align: left; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span>
فى تعويض ال </span></b><b style="text-align: left; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;">pressure drop</span></b><span dir="RTL" style="text-align: left; text-indent: -0.25in;"></span><span dir="RTL" style="text-align: left; text-indent: -0.25in;"></span><b style="text-align: left; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> ده وبيتم
ضبط ال </span></b><b style="text-align: left; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;">setting</span></b><span dir="RTL" style="text-align: left; text-indent: -0.25in;"></span><span dir="RTL" style="text-align: left; text-indent: -0.25in;"></span><b style="text-align: left; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> بحيث انها تتوقف عن العمل فى حالة وصل الضغط لقيمة اعلى ضغط فى
الشبكة </span></b><b style="text-align: left; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;">(</span></b><b style="text-align: left; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;">Churn + Minimum
Static</span></b><span dir="RTL" style="text-align: left; text-indent: -0.25in;"></span><span dir="RTL" style="text-align: left; text-indent: -0.25in;"></span><b style="text-align: left; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> )</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" dir="RTL" style="margin-right: 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0rIZSj9-IX8JTNvMjpPhwHjNdxJ0Cn-E2wNRuuA7QTH80eX9goV-k6MOCK37C9kPdyQJnrpKDf1VfNJnXzkANLQB5fu6WjysYrJMhE7QpYBQdmHBik3Vq1L1jY2UXj2LLLIQg21H_Zd0/s1600/2.PNG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="73" data-original-width="543" height="83" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0rIZSj9-IX8JTNvMjpPhwHjNdxJ0Cn-E2wNRuuA7QTH80eX9goV-k6MOCK37C9kPdyQJnrpKDf1VfNJnXzkANLQB5fu6WjysYrJMhE7QpYBQdmHBik3Vq1L1jY2UXj2LLLIQg21H_Zd0/w640-h83/2.PNG" width="640" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="rtl" style="margin-right: 0.25in; text-align: right; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="rtl" style="margin-right: 0.25in; text-align: right; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b style="mso-ansi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "wingdings"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;">في حالة استمرار
حدوث </span></b><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>pressure drop</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span>
فى الشبكة وعدم قدرة ال </span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;">jockey</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> على تعويضه
يتم ضبط ال </span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;">setting</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> الخاص بال </span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;">Main pump</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span>
بحيث انها تشتغل فى حالة حدوث </span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;">pressure drop</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> بقيمة</span></b><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR"></span> </span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></b><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR"></span>5 Psi</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span>
عن قيمة ضغط تشغيل ال </span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;">jockey<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgjdtyYUAPSK5Ul-fv_IDX1Sa6UINmS4GVZZv_Xdg_LjkhSG5MtI4sCUL_i3a3sMn1BMh6Yt3fIRJEupEYdEsZFRzXyOGiHksTWPENCYNp0Qlx4R87-uU1l50p8Lrww9zFTpngmb7Uj7BI/s1600/3.PNG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="75" data-original-width="536" height="88" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgjdtyYUAPSK5Ul-fv_IDX1Sa6UINmS4GVZZv_Xdg_LjkhSG5MtI4sCUL_i3a3sMn1BMh6Yt3fIRJEupEYdEsZFRzXyOGiHksTWPENCYNp0Qlx4R87-uU1l50p8Lrww9zFTpngmb7Uj7BI/w640-h88/3.PNG" width="640" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="rtl" style="margin-right: 0.25in; text-align: right; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="rtl" style="margin-right: 0.25in; text-align: right; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b style="mso-ansi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "wingdings"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;">في حالة استمرار
حدوث </span></b><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>pressure drop</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span>
فى الشبكة وعدم قدرة ال </span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;">Main Pump</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> على تعويضه
يتم ضبط ال </span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;">setting</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> الخاص بال </span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;">pump</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> </span></b><b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;">الاحتياطي <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></b><b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;">بحيث انها تشتغل
فى حالة حدوث </span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;">pressure drop</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> بقيمة</span></b><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR"></span> </span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></b><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR"></span>10 Psi</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span>
عن قيمة ضغط تشغيل ال </span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;">Main Pump</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> </span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="rtl" style="margin-right: 0.25in; text-align: right; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="rtl" style="margin-right: 0.25in; text-align: right; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b style="mso-ansi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "wingdings"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;">يتم ضبط ال </span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;">setting</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> <span lang="AR-EG">الخاص بال </span></span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;">Main pump</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> <span lang="AR-EG">بحيث انها </span></span></b><b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;">بتستمر فى تعويض قيم ال </span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;">pressure Drop</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span>
حتى وصول الضغط لقيمة ال </span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;">churn pressure</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> وبتتوقف عن
العمل </span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="rtl" style="margin-right: 0.25in; text-align: right; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="rtl" style="margin-right: 0.25in; text-align: right; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" dir="RTL" style="margin-right: 0.25in; text-align: right; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "wingdings"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;">فى حالة استخدام </span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;">Minimum-Run Timer</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span>
وده بيتم استخدام لتحديد وقت معن او مده معينه يتم تشغيل ال </span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;">pump</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span>
فيها<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>وبتكون مده لا تقل عن </span></b><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR"></span>10
min</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> وفى الحالة دي ممكن ال </span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;">pump</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span>
تصل لقيمة ال </span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;">churn</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> فى وقت اقل
من الوقت المضبوط فيجب المحافظة على ان الضغط لا يصل لقيمة اعلى من اقصى ضغط خاص
بمكونات الشبكة</span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" dir="RTL" style="margin-right: 0.25in; text-align: right; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></b></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj67e4LqygmSh0Dj8-rXwbVbckJ73l0O49Osh2fuKvJ82bDxVUL88nSnoQEAF3BIpKRx3nRzxsURTOPs7sjhJN73hQbg5OElw14T5oFrIl3QmxM7yzEX0HK2-gVM2lA80l2-Fy0JSIYGUY/s1600/4.PNG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="99" data-original-width="533" height="115" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj67e4LqygmSh0Dj8-rXwbVbckJ73l0O49Osh2fuKvJ82bDxVUL88nSnoQEAF3BIpKRx3nRzxsURTOPs7sjhJN73hQbg5OElw14T5oFrIl3QmxM7yzEX0HK2-gVM2lA80l2-Fy0JSIYGUY/w640-h115/4.PNG" width="640" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" dir="rtl" style="margin-right: 0.25in; text-align: right; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "wingdings"; line-height: 115%;">§<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;">يتم استخدم </span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;">Run Timer</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span>
فى حالة استخدام </span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;">Automatic Shutdown</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> <span lang="AR-EG">وذلك يكون لمده على الاقل </span></span></b><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR"></span> 10 Min.</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> وذلك لان التشغيل السريع والايقاف السريع لل </span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;">pump</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> خاصه فى حالات ال </span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;">demand</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> الصغير بيؤدي لوصول ال </span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;">pump</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> لضغط ال </span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;">stop set point</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> فى ال </span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;">control panel</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> </span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" dir="rtl" style="margin-right: 0.25in; text-align: right; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></b></div>
<div class="separator" dir="rtl" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" dir="rtl" style="margin-right: 0.25in; text-align: right; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "wingdings"; line-height: 115%;">§<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;">ده كمان بيسمح
بوقت كافى </span></b><b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;">لمروحة المحرك بتبريد ملفات
المحرك </span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh3L52qVWuFrlaPEBmFAx8oHJNc9-HrpPjufZCTm_AYey8TqiASmybJwa-0z7fiPpOuEtsKqHJ3G67j0lQS0c4niCiZkNx2txCRnl-AtV8p351uX0HXuJMSfVM7OEEuovPgQnbXOVVTObY/s1600/5.PNG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="229" data-original-width="875" height="163" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh3L52qVWuFrlaPEBmFAx8oHJNc9-HrpPjufZCTm_AYey8TqiASmybJwa-0z7fiPpOuEtsKqHJ3G67j0lQS0c4niCiZkNx2txCRnl-AtV8p351uX0HXuJMSfVM7OEEuovPgQnbXOVVTObY/s640/5.PNG" width="640" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="LTR" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<h3 style="text-align: right;">
<span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="font-size: large;"><b><u>أمثلة</u></b></span></h3>
</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhUiYqMS7H7D3ITRUqR4gRUXACJWnZwe_tEM9F37JtwieUGwRJovTUCUfm3Sa2G5I1fLk4yd6yE33heMjatIjpIPCs4lT3ENFni3Df-CdNv0FiVNhwDKmZWlt6Loa0tB33dtSBU35gBsQA/s1600/Ex.PNG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="289" data-original-width="546" height="338" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhUiYqMS7H7D3ITRUqR4gRUXACJWnZwe_tEM9F37JtwieUGwRJovTUCUfm3Sa2G5I1fLk4yd6yE33heMjatIjpIPCs4lT3ENFni3Df-CdNv0FiVNhwDKmZWlt6Loa0tB33dtSBU35gBsQA/w640-h338/Ex.PNG" width="640" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="LTR" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin-right: 0.25in; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="AR-EG" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></b></div>
<div style="text-align: right;">
<h3 style="text-align: right;">
<span style="font-size: large;">مصادر هذا المقال</span></h3>
<div style="text-align: right;">
NFPA 20 - 2019 edition (Standard for Installation of Stantionary Fire Pump)</div>
</div>
</div>
Mohamed Nabilhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11548504266319459006noreply@blogger.com5tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6853632856711530111.post-91768784310902553002019-03-08T11:35:00.001+02:002022-03-24T15:30:25.646+02:00Fire pumps sensing line<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt 0.25in; text-align: center; text-indent: -0.25in; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<h2>
<b style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: red;">Pressure Actuated Controller Pressure Sensing
Lines</span></b></h2>
</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt 0.25in; text-align: center; text-indent: -0.25in; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<br /><b style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><u><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhCBa0qPGrIaLLTgbOQK3Vm02PDV4IwhgDqo0bz4M11_MfVz5r2uaopvcmTw5OdPhyM3ZinuXpWhj9Vxfpg2BEhMxsLmZyKkKyjTKJKEataau-hC08YxEDnt6g2mLxmeeGh0zjd3xrVa0RHuVXWlx7lpTiK3865c1aSlo_qJ724w642mNTaEm6h2GN9Bw/s1200/Sensing-line-blog---01.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Pressure Actuated Controller Pressure Sensing Lines" border="0" data-original-height="628" data-original-width="1200" height="334" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhCBa0qPGrIaLLTgbOQK3Vm02PDV4IwhgDqo0bz4M11_MfVz5r2uaopvcmTw5OdPhyM3ZinuXpWhj9Vxfpg2BEhMxsLmZyKkKyjTKJKEataau-hC08YxEDnt6g2mLxmeeGh0zjd3xrVa0RHuVXWlx7lpTiK3865c1aSlo_qJ724w642mNTaEm6h2GN9Bw/w640-h334/Sensing-line-blog---01.jpg" title="Pressure Actuated Controller Pressure Sensing Lines" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Pressure Actuated Controller Pressure Sensing Lines</td></tr></tbody></table><br /><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="background: lightgrey;"><br /></span></u></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="rtl" style="margin-right: 0.25in; text-align: right; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "wingdings"; line-height: 115%;">Ø<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;">ال </span><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;">sensing line</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> الخاص بال </span><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;">fire pump</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> وظيفته انه بيشعر باى </span><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;">pressure drop</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> فى الشبكة بتاعتى وبيكون متوصل
بال </span><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;">Control Panel</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span>
الخاصة بال </span><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;">pump</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> المسئولة عن تشغيل ال </span><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;">pump<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="rtl" style="margin-right: 0.25in; text-align: right; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "wingdings"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;">بيتم توصيله على خط ال </span><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;">discharge</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> بحيث يكون الضغط اللى واصله هو
نفس ضغط الشبكة واى </span><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;">pressure drop</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> يحصل ف الشبكة يحصل فيه كمان</span><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" dir="rtl" style="margin-right: 0.25in; text-align: right; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "wingdings"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></span><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;">الكود هنا بيوضح ان كل </span><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;">pump</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> بما فيهم ال</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR"></span> jockey</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> لازم يكون لها </span><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;">sensing line</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> خاص بها فقط</span><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjguKV_LiYgbX4aDCclGj3j6Jcl06a0O6fqxJ1uHujXRamGvj7Ls_GYMNdKrS7becFmG0jJyr5jN6DKeNR19BLMr572XoJeWWRy8N-kBQXkr1sleyT0QMqCKpw9Qd1PkyqsJm-UuiccOPY/s1600/4.32.1+all+pump+including+jockey+pump+shall+have+its+own+individual+pressure+sensing+Line.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="89" data-original-width="432" height="128" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjguKV_LiYgbX4aDCclGj3j6Jcl06a0O6fqxJ1uHujXRamGvj7Ls_GYMNdKrS7becFmG0jJyr5jN6DKeNR19BLMr572XoJeWWRy8N-kBQXkr1sleyT0QMqCKpw9Qd1PkyqsJm-UuiccOPY/w640-h128/4.32.1+all+pump+including+jockey+pump+shall+have+its+own+individual+pressure+sensing+Line.JPG" width="640" /></a></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjqQDYutOP41LjF9K2sYNvrUqzG3GD2yR_wEqhRYJRAG5iQbuzOl9G6_yuL8SdwgRQ4OJ3mREphuONasa4s-FgqMOjzMNj26SWBzo2p11yrHgq8q5kMTT5-GGiNVk0UE3lyqcvCt-FdwVE/s1600/FIGURE+A.4.32%2528b%2529+Piping+Connection+for+Pressure+Sensing+Line+%2528Diesel+Fire+Pump%2529.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="355" data-original-width="436" height="520" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjqQDYutOP41LjF9K2sYNvrUqzG3GD2yR_wEqhRYJRAG5iQbuzOl9G6_yuL8SdwgRQ4OJ3mREphuONasa4s-FgqMOjzMNj26SWBzo2p11yrHgq8q5kMTT5-GGiNVk0UE3lyqcvCt-FdwVE/w640-h520/FIGURE+A.4.32%2528b%2529+Piping+Connection+for+Pressure+Sensing+Line+%2528Diesel+Fire+Pump%2529.JPG" width="640" /></a></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" dir="rtl" style="margin-right: 0.25in; text-align: right; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "wingdings"; line-height: 115%;">Ø<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;">بيتم توصيله على خط ال </span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;">discharge</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> بين ال </span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;">check valve</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> وال </span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;">isolation valve</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> او من ال </span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;">check valve</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> <span lang="AR-EG">او من ال </span></span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;">isolation valve<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjGbiIgOpQxd1bwOklZB6Sl9iO8ljbyTG8Ph-LBxh1hyphenhyphenfl-cP60CoxzTGveLNdYtord1PUNnxxE3znEmlmcS56kyJ6wchDMBCdwjU8wHl_wS1hz1kV5bkFr2XzXDSFFn81EcagHK9WEvoM/s1600/4.32.2+The+pressure+sensing+line+connection.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="63" data-original-width="428" height="93" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjGbiIgOpQxd1bwOklZB6Sl9iO8ljbyTG8Ph-LBxh1hyphenhyphenfl-cP60CoxzTGveLNdYtord1PUNnxxE3znEmlmcS56kyJ6wchDMBCdwjU8wHl_wS1hz1kV5bkFr2XzXDSFFn81EcagHK9WEvoM/w640-h93/4.32.2+The+pressure+sensing+line+connection.JPG" width="640" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" dir="rtl" style="margin-right: 0.25in; text-align: right; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" dir="rtl" style="margin-right: 0.25in; text-align: right; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "wingdings"; line-height: 115%;">Ø<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;">الكود بيوضح لى المواد لمسموح باستخدامها لتصنيع ال </span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;">sensing line</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> منها</span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg-p-2LPkGw5FfY7DwBX2L7n4s3e2SDwGdS21MyrCUrEn6YaQjVDvA79UtzHAIIwu6HVNMvFf5tC4Ev4WNH_5LROFJupC3qlYVUJIvOTb0_hBTTQutzIBIwGH7i3msqD19tSpCT3AADiyM/s1600/4.32.3+The+pressure+sensing+line+shall+be+brass.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="61" data-original-width="432" height="90" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg-p-2LPkGw5FfY7DwBX2L7n4s3e2SDwGdS21MyrCUrEn6YaQjVDvA79UtzHAIIwu6HVNMvFf5tC4Ev4WNH_5LROFJupC3qlYVUJIvOTb0_hBTTQutzIBIwGH7i3msqD19tSpCT3AADiyM/w640-h90/4.32.3+The+pressure+sensing+line+shall+be+brass.JPG" width="640" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" dir="rtl" style="margin-right: 0.25in; text-align: right; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" dir="rtl" style="margin-right: 0.25in; text-align: right; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" dir="rtl" style="margin-right: 0.25in; text-align: right; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "wingdings"; line-height: 115%;">Ø<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> ا</span></span></b><b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;">لكود بيوضح لى هنا اسباب عدم تصنيع ال </span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;">sensing line</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> من ال </span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;">soft copper</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> لانه سهل التدمير والتخريب من اى شخص ولا يتحمل
ضغوط لتشغيل </span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi7NfSmBGKIheWJ1vhKPXpN0shFG8HXGjRlqwq7H0nCQaCJGiLNdQzvFJcA-fqekd8otWlZEI77YaiZ8C0FewMfFDQAKxZeoSz5WJEVa7d8cyy79lbikDWuCEIiCJVI22V5D8I8IXzjmwE/s1600/A.4.32.3+The+use+of+soft+copper+tubing+is+not+permitted+for+apressure+sensing+line+because+it+is+easily+damaged..JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="42" data-original-width="434" height="59" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi7NfSmBGKIheWJ1vhKPXpN0shFG8HXGjRlqwq7H0nCQaCJGiLNdQzvFJcA-fqekd8otWlZEI77YaiZ8C0FewMfFDQAKxZeoSz5WJEVa7d8cyy79lbikDWuCEIiCJVI22V5D8I8IXzjmwE/w640-h59/A.4.32.3+The+use+of+soft+copper+tubing+is+not+permitted+for+apressure+sensing+line+because+it+is+easily+damaged..JPG" width="640" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" dir="rtl" style="margin-right: 0.25in; text-align: right; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></b></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjBIGp7LavzG4kx-YScyuC8Ak6YwT0aPtq_F_IkTrENVxUOWRNeY7kXDukA7dwq6iweOyD2GLz3EapA3G4pWlwH7Tn392FJt2d_lQusMu9oRnTMGy5YYToecYLPxinDLSVKEypwlySaRa4/s1600/FIGURE+A.4.32%2528a%2529+Piping+Connection+for+Each+Automatic+Pressure+Switch+%2528for+Electric-Driven+and+Diesel+Fire+Pump+and+Jockey+Pumps%2529..JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="440" data-original-width="432" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjBIGp7LavzG4kx-YScyuC8Ak6YwT0aPtq_F_IkTrENVxUOWRNeY7kXDukA7dwq6iweOyD2GLz3EapA3G4pWlwH7Tn392FJt2d_lQusMu9oRnTMGy5YYToecYLPxinDLSVKEypwlySaRa4/w627-h640/FIGURE+A.4.32%2528a%2529+Piping+Connection+for+Each+Automatic+Pressure+Switch+%2528for+Electric-Driven+and+Diesel+Fire+Pump+and+Jockey+Pumps%2529..JPG" width="627" /></a></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" dir="rtl" style="margin-right: 0.25in; text-align: right; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "wingdings"; line-height: 115%;">Ø<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;">يتم تركيب عدد 2 من </span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;">check valve</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> من ال </span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;">bronze , stainless steel</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> على ال </span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;">sensing line</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> وذلك لمنع حدوث </span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;">water hammer</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> فى الخط</span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="separator" dir="rtl" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj_OEy-NpIvTsbMB4Ki7NwDOv4MPztEr4Z9MbCu8GKYggbR-4Egy0CqlxgtcESh_H3bxMbnLD1JJHS4qclfoJ2Ml9dRhyT0Cf7QbGo26k_xSgDUJCe-TRn-T_RFlfe8_Fik7PuLLYyfDGg/s1600/4.32.4.1+Two+bronze+or+stainless+steel+check+valves+shall+be+installed+in+the+pressure+sensing+line.PNG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="125" data-original-width="473" height="168" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj_OEy-NpIvTsbMB4Ki7NwDOv4MPztEr4Z9MbCu8GKYggbR-4Egy0CqlxgtcESh_H3bxMbnLD1JJHS4qclfoJ2Ml9dRhyT0Cf7QbGo26k_xSgDUJCe-TRn-T_RFlfe8_Fik7PuLLYyfDGg/w640-h168/4.32.4.1+Two+bronze+or+stainless+steel+check+valves+shall+be+installed+in+the+pressure+sensing+line.PNG" width="640" /></a></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" dir="rtl" style="margin-right: 0.25in; text-align: right; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" dir="rtl" style="margin-right: 0.25in; text-align: right; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<b style="text-align: left; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: "wingdings"; line-height: 115%;">Ø<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><span dir="RTL" style="text-align: left; text-indent: -0.25in;"></span><b style="text-align: left; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;">المسافة بين ال </span></b><b style="text-align: left; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;">Two check valves</span></b><span dir="RTL" style="text-align: left; text-indent: -0.25in;"></span><span dir="RTL" style="text-align: left; text-indent: -0.25in;"></span><b style="text-align: left; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> لا تقل عن </span></b><span dir="LTR" style="text-align: left; text-indent: -0.25in;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="text-align: left; text-indent: -0.25in;"></span><b style="text-align: left; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR"></span>1.5 m</span></b><span dir="RTL" style="text-align: left; text-indent: -0.25in;"></span><span dir="RTL" style="text-align: left; text-indent: -0.25in;"></span><b style="text-align: left; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> كما واضح فى </span></b><b style="text-align: left; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;">Figure A.4.32 (a)</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" dir="rtl" style="margin-right: 0.25in; text-align: right; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<b style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: "wingdings"; line-height: 115%;">Ø<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><span dir="RTL" style="text-indent: -0.25in;"></span><b style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;">يتم
تركيب </span></b><span dir="LTR" style="text-indent: -0.25in;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="text-indent: -0.25in;"></span><b style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR"></span>2 inspection valves</span></b><span dir="RTL" style="text-indent: -0.25in;"></span><span dir="RTL" style="text-indent: -0.25in;"></span><b style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> على خط ال </span></b><b style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;">sensing line</span></b><span dir="RTL" style="text-indent: -0.25in;"></span><span dir="RTL" style="text-indent: -0.25in;"></span><b style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> وبيكون بينهم </span></b><b style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;">Tee</span></b><span dir="RTL" style="text-indent: -0.25in;"></span><span dir="RTL" style="text-indent: -0.25in;"></span><b style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> بحيث اقدر اركب عليها </span></b><span dir="LTR" style="text-indent: -0.25in;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="text-indent: -0.25in;"></span><b style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR"></span> </span></b><span dir="RTL" style="text-indent: -0.25in;"></span><span dir="RTL" style="text-indent: -0.25in;"></span><b style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> </span></b><b style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;">pressure
gauge</span></b><span dir="RTL" style="text-indent: -0.25in;"></span><span dir="RTL" style="text-indent: -0.25in;"></span><b style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> استخدامه فى حالة ال </span></b><b style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;">inspection</span></b><span dir="RTL" style="text-indent: -0.25in;"></span><span dir="RTL" style="text-indent: -0.25in;"></span><b style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> واختبار الضغط فى الخط ومدى
صلاحية عمل ال </span></b><b style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;">pressure switch</span></b><span dir="RTL" style="text-indent: -0.25in;"></span><span dir="RTL" style="text-indent: -0.25in;"></span><b style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> بتاعى </span></b></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjmbO7lW45MhGh0ym_gq2RWJEZ5Ah9ukSr_SSxPZilgGplPA_K-Y7Ztg8WVGKFGTeD8QBmVkMtxYs854qXovkPDiqnf_ySZy1BwwnH42gvfaIWfEkcZxI8L9JGDpxps0NSkwEvEK5OV3tw/s1600/4.32.4.3+Two+inspection+test+valves+attached+to+the+pressure+sensing+line.PNG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="83" data-original-width="481" height="109" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjmbO7lW45MhGh0ym_gq2RWJEZ5Ah9ukSr_SSxPZilgGplPA_K-Y7Ztg8WVGKFGTeD8QBmVkMtxYs854qXovkPDiqnf_ySZy1BwwnH42gvfaIWfEkcZxI8L9JGDpxps0NSkwEvEK5OV3tw/w640-h109/4.32.4.3+Two+inspection+test+valves+attached+to+the+pressure+sensing+line.PNG" width="640" /></a></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" dir="rtl" style="margin-right: 0.25in; text-align: right; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" dir="rtl" style="margin-right: 0.25in; text-align: right; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "wingdings"; line-height: 115%;">Ø<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;">يتم تركيب</span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;">ground-face unions </span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> <span lang="AR-EG">مزود ب </span></span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;">noncorrosive diaphragms</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> <span lang="AR-EG">فى حالة ال </span></span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;">clean water</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> بدلا</span></b><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR"></span> </span></b><b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;">من استخدام ال </span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;">check valve<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhRcKyUbUNceqSMobh4MDu4qdXGotrSvwpeKYVoGbOSCXsyfEbBJzcAGR9ycpgyWNeb6OTP_lsSsvdHQjmcRX5Q3L1l10qJARJH6iomwHr8IevnKd9lyhGrKtbXzNUOecTc-cHH6t-7gGk/s1600/4.32.4.2+ground-face+unions+with+noncorrosive+diaphragms+Where+the+water+is+clean.PNG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="83" data-original-width="469" height="112" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhRcKyUbUNceqSMobh4MDu4qdXGotrSvwpeKYVoGbOSCXsyfEbBJzcAGR9ycpgyWNeb6OTP_lsSsvdHQjmcRX5Q3L1l10qJARJH6iomwHr8IevnKd9lyhGrKtbXzNUOecTc-cHH6t-7gGk/w640-h112/4.32.4.2+ground-face+unions+with+noncorrosive+diaphragms+Where+the+water+is+clean.PNG" width="640" /></a></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" dir="rtl" style="margin-right: 0.25in; text-align: right; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "wingdings"; line-height: 115%;">Ø<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;">قطر ال </span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;">pipe</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> الخاصة بال </span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;">sensing line</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> تكون </span></b><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR"></span>15 mm</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> فى حالة التصنيع من </span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;">Copper K,L,M<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjqmHZfe1g4GWMmIOufCKxaaNI0Lq-Vf4yS40l8e1jYxA0Jkp3jeAw9RM9qVdSJtAQB_GygbJKLbl6XlCqzg7A7UQ91kBItfan2onfGHG8r6tmB0NY8WUiDZbWaYr2ZJPQeLFzrdo6gQLg/s1600/A.4.32.3+The+nominal+pipe+size+of+sensing+line.PNG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="83" data-original-width="468" height="112" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjqmHZfe1g4GWMmIOufCKxaaNI0Lq-Vf4yS40l8e1jYxA0Jkp3jeAw9RM9qVdSJtAQB_GygbJKLbl6XlCqzg7A7UQ91kBItfan2onfGHG8r6tmB0NY8WUiDZbWaYr2ZJPQeLFzrdo6gQLg/w640-h112/A.4.32.3+The+nominal+pipe+size+of+sensing+line.PNG" width="640" /></a></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" dir="rtl" style="margin-right: 0.25in; text-align: right; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="direction: ltr; margin: 0in 0in 10pt 0.25in; text-indent: -0.25in; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="background: lightgrey; font-family: "wingdings";">§<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><b><u><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="background: lightgrey;">Sensing Line (Fire Pump Controller) - Hand Book<o:p></o:p></span></u></b></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgjOJbvh_off99LA9gQp2wq2QkgboqGG1fZhOIxNiwj-8R30pnhkH9_ZKuM80FNNpKZL2i4KxFjxqcwxWQs0H8ZEbFY48LmsDYK0xy_zBeq33jPnuSE2Hv8PMryO7rLIXhQoAcnisfkGBA/s1600/Sensing+Line+%2528Fire+Pump+Controller%2529+%25E2%2580%2594+4.31.1+-+Hand+Book.PNG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="183" data-original-width="723" height="160" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgjOJbvh_off99LA9gQp2wq2QkgboqGG1fZhOIxNiwj-8R30pnhkH9_ZKuM80FNNpKZL2i4KxFjxqcwxWQs0H8ZEbFY48LmsDYK0xy_zBeq33jPnuSE2Hv8PMryO7rLIXhQoAcnisfkGBA/w640-h160/Sensing+Line+%2528Fire+Pump+Controller%2529+%25E2%2580%2594+4.31.1+-+Hand+Book.PNG" width="640" /></a></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh-r2922tV5ryOK0BaotPvC4tmmEqkBKDRVhI_XiUcgohBRwGMU8FxfN-dH8x8qe2r1Mbn4bmp-CNXnKKpLmwFJkIwb0k0qxAFMJvP_ornCh-sSQc2Ca-zdv1xAIMIwD3qS7j-KZ51funI/s1600/13346511_1099528723453217_5339869803547195487_n.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="381" data-original-width="761" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh-r2922tV5ryOK0BaotPvC4tmmEqkBKDRVhI_XiUcgohBRwGMU8FxfN-dH8x8qe2r1Mbn4bmp-CNXnKKpLmwFJkIwb0k0qxAFMJvP_ornCh-sSQc2Ca-zdv1xAIMIwD3qS7j-KZ51funI/w640-h320/13346511_1099528723453217_5339869803547195487_n.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" dir="rtl" style="margin-right: 0.25in; text-align: right; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "wingdings"; line-height: 115%;">Ø<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-stretch: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;">ال </span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;">sensing line</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , sans-serif" lang="AR-EG" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> يجب ان يتحمل ضغط يصل الى </span></b><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR"></span>400 Psi<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg0sQM11vS20MeyVkIH0xUCYhjFDDrskZw5oqCErR-nTeoi6mSUu2w04D40q2SfDmJcVUmumdzcbwfJiLhAfRdVNErBT0NKBUvYxQSR2Eto-9zZBg3NibgIrE2q11c9uwGC7WA8Fjm0_kk/s1600/10.5.2.1.6+The+pressure-sensing+device+shall+withstand+pressure+of+400+psi+%252827.6+bar%2529.PNG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="74" data-original-width="394" height="120" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg0sQM11vS20MeyVkIH0xUCYhjFDDrskZw5oqCErR-nTeoi6mSUu2w04D40q2SfDmJcVUmumdzcbwfJiLhAfRdVNErBT0NKBUvYxQSR2Eto-9zZBg3NibgIrE2q11c9uwGC7WA8Fjm0_kk/w640-h120/10.5.2.1.6+The+pressure-sensing+device+shall+withstand+pressure+of+400+psi+%252827.6+bar%2529.PNG" width="640" /></a></div></div>
Mohamed Nabilhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11548504266319459006noreply@blogger.com9tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6853632856711530111.post-18102145181766798852019-02-22T17:26:00.002+02:002022-03-24T14:56:40.142+02:00شرح باللغة العربية عن Circulation Relief Valve <div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<h1><b><u><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="color: red; font-size: x-large; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">Circulation Relief Valve</span></u></b></h1>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhWazQc_dLKVFUCt06E8CEdQflmQHvTNG3AQDC65FaLivXP-I7T3J7nhTW1rq4Jlv7gJUBVz3z6GdvxpPwFn9DztxR1i_VyG-PxC7fWGY-5T3NQjyaPDBOYEHn5sLZCTRWiQo3yWGmAzHA4Lzaoe8fzbUtet9skGwkearDl3bNq-0e0eMxAWWzk8QBBYA/s1200/Circulation-Relief-Valve---Blog---Nabil.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Circulation Relief Valve" border="0" data-original-height="628" data-original-width="1200" height="334" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhWazQc_dLKVFUCt06E8CEdQflmQHvTNG3AQDC65FaLivXP-I7T3J7nhTW1rq4Jlv7gJUBVz3z6GdvxpPwFn9DztxR1i_VyG-PxC7fWGY-5T3NQjyaPDBOYEHn5sLZCTRWiQo3yWGmAzHA4Lzaoe8fzbUtet9skGwkearDl3bNq-0e0eMxAWWzk8QBBYA/w640-h334/Circulation-Relief-Valve---Blog---Nabil.jpg" title="Circulation Relief Valve" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Circulation Relief Valve</td></tr></tbody></table><br /><div style="text-align: center;"><br /></div>
</div><div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-right: 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-align: right; text-indent: -0.25in; unicode-bidi: embed;"><div style="direction: ltr; text-align: center;"><h3 style="clear: both; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;"><u><span style="color: red;">3.3.42 No Flow (Churn, Shutoff):</span></u></h3><div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" dir="rtl" style="margin-right: 0.25in; text-align: right; text-indent: -0.25in; unicode-bidi: embed;"><div style="direction: ltr; text-align: center;"></div></div><div style="direction: rtl; text-align: right;"><b style="mso-ansi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "wingdings"; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">ü<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="AR-EG" style="mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">هو عبارة عن ال </span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">pump</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="AR-EG" style="mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> بتستغل وتضغط الشبكة بالكامل وتفضل شغالة بعد الضغط ولان ال </span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">water</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="AR-EG" style="mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> بتكون </span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">Incompressible
flow</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="AR-EG" style="mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span>
غير قابلة لانضغاط فبيستمر ال </span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">impeller</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="AR-EG" style="mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span>
فى الدوران واكساب المياه </span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">kinetic energy</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="AR-EG" style="mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> بتتحول ل </span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">heat energy</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="AR-EG" style="mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> وبترفع درجة حرارة المياه وده بيأثر على ال </span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">impeller</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="AR-EG" style="mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> و على عمر ال </span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">pump</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="AR-EG" style="mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span>
ولذلك بستخدم ال </span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">Circulation
Relief Valve<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-right: 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-align: right; text-indent: -0.25in; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><br /></span></b></div>
</div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEig9hhyphenhyphenvdZImwthUVOtwxFtHr_BV4LvrW8UKABvqww1KnlB7z9n2p2PSUNtZJR-PR6Wh2Mw3RVrs2YnYVcOwBMDhPiskPmmTXcgODq2fMK-ZNTmKSLVmsExAEA477gBxiQc4pBe72P9yPM/s1600/A.3.3.42+No+Flow+%2528Churn%252C+Shutoff%2529..JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Circulation Relief Valve" border="0" data-original-height="58" data-original-width="404" height="88" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEig9hhyphenhyphenvdZImwthUVOtwxFtHr_BV4LvrW8UKABvqww1KnlB7z9n2p2PSUNtZJR-PR6Wh2Mw3RVrs2YnYVcOwBMDhPiskPmmTXcgODq2fMK-ZNTmKSLVmsExAEA477gBxiQc4pBe72P9yPM/w640-h88/A.3.3.42+No+Flow+%2528Churn%252C+Shutoff%2529..JPG" title="Circulation Relief Valve" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Circulation Relief Valve</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgC5Me-Ivn91lISk8GiX4-KxKuNsXKUeiNXOn5dBekzHhNAVREiglmrGP_5vf8d1G9DxB6oQoUMutyBKfZ81FjVNpURCb5OX_u7TKr9x4QCtWfyXqnFY-oMZCDFNcM2hxaxWD4hkZs2Bu0/s1600/3.3.42+No+Flow+%2528Churn%252C+Shutoff%2529.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Circulation Relief Valve" border="0" data-original-height="83" data-original-width="397" height="131" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgC5Me-Ivn91lISk8GiX4-KxKuNsXKUeiNXOn5dBekzHhNAVREiglmrGP_5vf8d1G9DxB6oQoUMutyBKfZ81FjVNpURCb5OX_u7TKr9x4QCtWfyXqnFY-oMZCDFNcM2hxaxWD4hkZs2Bu0/w640-h131/3.3.42+No+Flow+%2528Churn%252C+Shutoff%2529.JPG" title="Circulation Relief Valve" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Circulation Relief Valve</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<h3 style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<u><span style="color: red;">3.3.75.4.1 Circulation Relief Valve:</span></u></h3>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" dir="rtl" style="margin-right: 0.25in; text-align: right; text-indent: -0.25in; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="direction: ltr; text-align: center;">
<div style="direction: rtl; text-align: right;">
<b style="mso-ansi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "wingdings"; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">ü<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="AR-EG" style="mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">هو عبارة عن </span></b><b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="AR-EG" style="mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">محبس بيتم تركيبه على ال </span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">casing</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="AR-EG" style="mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> الخاص بال </span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">pump</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="AR-EG" style="mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> يتم ضبطه على ضغط اقل من ال </span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">churn pressure</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="AR-EG" style="mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> بحيث يفتح يخرج كمية صغيره من ال </span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">water</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="AR-EG" style="mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> من داخل ال </span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">casing </span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="AR-EG" style="mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>ويسمح بدخول كمية مياه اخرى باردة تقوم بتبريد
ال </span></b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif"><b>impeller</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="direction: rtl; text-align: right;">
<span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif"><b><br /></b></span></div>
</div>
</div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjXuf0Ulph_QdUK-D1QD4JnKHpqDZtsRadwuIy8HCHER3zgwx6OESDl2zTNKDyfHKkcFxq74diHCkBJubZzzAqlEH7YFsQMjFaRZEzKH5HWjCmwuVvVeuAVLxZvLju8jbCSWg7F1KV9MW4/s1600/3.3.75.4.1+Circulation+Relief+Valve.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Circulation Relief Valve" border="0" data-original-height="52" data-original-width="378" height="88" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjXuf0Ulph_QdUK-D1QD4JnKHpqDZtsRadwuIy8HCHER3zgwx6OESDl2zTNKDyfHKkcFxq74diHCkBJubZzzAqlEH7YFsQMjFaRZEzKH5HWjCmwuVvVeuAVLxZvLju8jbCSWg7F1KV9MW4/w640-h88/3.3.75.4.1+Circulation+Relief+Valve.JPG" title="Circulation Relief Valve" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Circulation Relief Valve</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-right: 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-align: right; text-indent: -0.25in; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif"><b><br /></b></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-right: 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-align: right; text-indent: -0.25in; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , sans-serif"><b><br /></b></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-no-proof: yes;"><v:shape id="Picture_x0020_5" o:spid="_x0000_i1030" style="height: 39pt; mso-wrap-style: square; visibility: visible; width: 318.75pt;" type="#_x0000_t75">
<v:imagedata o:title="" src="file:///C:\Users\MOD957~1.NAB\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image003.jpg">
</v:imagedata></v:shape></span><u><span dir="RTL" face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="AR-EG" style="mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-no-proof: yes;"><v:shape id="Picture_x0020_6" o:spid="_x0000_i1029" style="height: 162pt; mso-wrap-style: square; visibility: visible; width: 243.75pt;" type="#_x0000_t75">
<v:imagedata o:title="" src="file:///C:\Users\MOD957~1.NAB\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image004.jpg">
</v:imagedata></v:shape></span><u><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-right: 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-align: right; text-indent: -0.25in; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="direction: ltr; text-align: center;">
<div style="direction: rtl; text-align: right;">
<b style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: "wingdings"; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">ü<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><span dir="RTL" style="text-indent: -0.25in;"></span><b style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="AR-EG" style="mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">يستخدم ال </span></b><b style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">Circulation Relief
Valve</span></b><span dir="RTL" style="text-indent: -0.25in;"></span><span dir="RTL" style="text-indent: -0.25in;"></span><b style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="AR-EG" style="mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> لحماية ال </span></b><b style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">pump</span></b><span dir="RTL" style="text-indent: -0.25in;"></span><span dir="RTL" style="text-indent: -0.25in;"></span><b style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="AR-EG" style="mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> من التعرض لل </span></b><b style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">overheating</span></b></div>
<div style="direction: rtl; text-align: right;">
<b style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><br /></span></b></div>
</div>
</div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhmIv6uC1F8IN3UC1i9noyy9I1BPw9SJ5uwzu2Pq23W-k5hWB0_CopgsayVaMUz2Kt4sWYIG83ytxo-zEmlG3bvOkkb1388bmi-sd95fsSPcErbDYP4yGsuc6miYHQx0h35xPo9KVik2Xk/s1600/3.3.75.4.1+Circulation+Relief+Valve..JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Circulation Relief Valve" border="0" data-original-height="61" data-original-width="412" height="93" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhmIv6uC1F8IN3UC1i9noyy9I1BPw9SJ5uwzu2Pq23W-k5hWB0_CopgsayVaMUz2Kt4sWYIG83ytxo-zEmlG3bvOkkb1388bmi-sd95fsSPcErbDYP4yGsuc6miYHQx0h35xPo9KVik2Xk/w640-h93/3.3.75.4.1+Circulation+Relief+Valve..JPG" title="Circulation Relief Valve" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Circulation Relief Valve</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-right: 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-align: right; text-indent: -0.25in; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><br /></span></b></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-right: 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-align: right; text-indent: -0.25in; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="direction: ltr; text-align: center;">
<div style="direction: rtl; text-align: right;">
<b style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: "wingdings"; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">ü<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><span dir="RTL" style="text-indent: -0.25in;"></span><b style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="AR-EG" style="mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">يتم تركيب ال </span></b><b style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">Circulation Relief
Valve</span></b><span dir="RTL" style="text-indent: -0.25in;"></span><span dir="RTL" style="text-indent: -0.25in;"></span><b style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="AR-EG" style="mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> على خط طرد ال </span></b><b style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">pump</span></b></div>
<div style="direction: rtl; text-align: right;">
<b style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><br /></span></b></div>
</div>
</div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhKB0vr6UoXQND7rsKe_dRR9laQ_S-PI0Un26F9sTVPaxUwuWyvu_Me7-_bxxD0d1DV6ZD5AR0o1fQSu6om_Db89TLRSE20erEsKUgQswfkpjvH0YMeilGtzo1h8NXBBEgPZRrcvQjZgKA/s1600/4.13.1.3+The+Circulation+Relief+Valve+shall+be+installed+on+the+discharge+side.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Circulation Relief Valve" border="0" data-original-height="47" data-original-width="410" height="72" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhKB0vr6UoXQND7rsKe_dRR9laQ_S-PI0Un26F9sTVPaxUwuWyvu_Me7-_bxxD0d1DV6ZD5AR0o1fQSu6om_Db89TLRSE20erEsKUgQswfkpjvH0YMeilGtzo1h8NXBBEgPZRrcvQjZgKA/w640-h72/4.13.1.3+The+Circulation+Relief+Valve+shall+be+installed+on+the+discharge+side.JPG" title="Circulation Relief Valve" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Circulation Relief Valve</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-right: 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-align: right; text-indent: -0.25in; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="direction: ltr; text-align: center;">
<b style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: "wingdings"; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></b></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-right: 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-align: right; text-indent: -0.25in; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="direction: ltr; text-align: center;">
<div style="direction: rtl; text-align: right;">
<b style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: "wingdings"; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">ü<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><b style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: "wingdings"; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><span dir="RTL" style="text-indent: -0.25in;"></span><b style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="AR-EG" style="mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">يتم تحديد ال </span></b><b style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">size</span></b><span dir="RTL" style="text-indent: -0.25in;"></span><span dir="RTL" style="text-indent: -0.25in;"></span><b style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="AR-EG" style="mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> لل </span></b><b style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">Circulation Relief
Valve</span></b><span dir="RTL" style="text-indent: -0.25in;"></span><span dir="RTL" style="text-indent: -0.25in;"></span><b style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="AR-EG" style="mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> على قيمة ال </span></b><b style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">Capacity</span></b><span dir="RTL" style="text-indent: -0.25in;"></span><span dir="RTL" style="text-indent: -0.25in;"></span><b style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="AR-EG" style="mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> لل </span></b><b style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">pump</span></b><span dir="RTL" style="text-indent: -0.25in;"></span><span dir="RTL" style="text-indent: -0.25in;"></span><b style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="AR-EG" style="mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> بحيث يكون قطره</span></b></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpFirst" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-right: 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: right; text-indent: -0.25in; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="direction: ltr; text-align: center;">
<div style="text-align: right;">
<b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="AR-EG" style="mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">
</span></b><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR"></span>0.75 inch</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="AR-EG" style="mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> لل </span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">pump</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="AR-EG" style="mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> لا تتعدى </span></b><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR"></span>2500 gpm</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="AR-EG" style="mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> و قطر </span></b><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR"></span>1 inch</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="AR-EG" style="mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> ل </span></b><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">pump</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" lang="AR-EG" style="mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> من </span></b><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR"></span>5000 gpm</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> <span lang="AR-EG">– </span></span></b><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR"></span>3000 gpm<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div style="text-align: right;">
<b><span dir="LTR" face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><br /></span></b></div>
</div>
</div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjXbujdThOmgNvnxFmr4tOmoHIqPF4vDAreLHxiOEu4RfCU7nGpEOnpvi5uawEeR3G8g_cSxBoZJAa65UXW7jHSX5vM3KaXDQ9CwOqc4LwH8wmtPiHbNPK3zqWWZVK3lbSvXQqbsnruME4/s1600/4.13.1.7+The+automatic+relief+valve+nominal+size.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Circulation Relief Valve" border="0" data-original-height="113" data-original-width="504" height="141" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjXbujdThOmgNvnxFmr4tOmoHIqPF4vDAreLHxiOEu4RfCU7nGpEOnpvi5uawEeR3G8g_cSxBoZJAa65UXW7jHSX5vM3KaXDQ9CwOqc4LwH8wmtPiHbNPK3zqWWZVK3lbSvXQqbsnruME4/w640-h141/4.13.1.7+The+automatic+relief+valve+nominal+size.JPG" title="Circulation Relief Valve" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Circulation Relief Valve</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhZywcBssyvht31_vci6kdj96PFSLjP29ZxqT4d0sqss_byBxm_xApKzABUA_TFsyRFCuNqlnASQe_JzVGTo9vPzIyn5Ydxd5u5i2qPbh8Db3X7e8XyyWPdblhfkWdd8XNGTBa66g4Xe-s/s1600/004-working-of-pressure-relief-valve.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Circulation Relief Valve" border="0" data-original-height="750" data-original-width="1600" height="299" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhZywcBssyvht31_vci6kdj96PFSLjP29ZxqT4d0sqss_byBxm_xApKzABUA_TFsyRFCuNqlnASQe_JzVGTo9vPzIyn5Ydxd5u5i2qPbh8Db3X7e8XyyWPdblhfkWdd8XNGTBa66g4Xe-s/w640-h299/004-working-of-pressure-relief-valve.jpg" title="Circulation Relief Valve" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Circulation Relief Valve</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpFirst" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-right: 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: right; text-indent: -0.25in; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<div style="direction: ltr; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-no-proof: yes;"><v:shape id="Picture_x0020_9" o:spid="_x0000_i1026" style="height: 84.75pt; mso-wrap-style: square; visibility: visible; width: 378pt;" type="#_x0000_t75">
<v:imagedata o:title="" src="file:///C:\Users\MOD957~1.NAB\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image007.jpg">
</v:imagedata></v:shape></span></b><b><u><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-no-proof: yes;"><v:shape id="Picture_x0020_10" o:spid="_x0000_i1025" style="height: 194.25pt; mso-wrap-style: square; visibility: visible; width: 381.75pt;" type="#_x0000_t75">
<v:imagedata o:title="" src="file:///C:\Users\MOD957~1.NAB\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image008.jpg">
</v:imagedata></v:shape></span></b><b><u><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></u></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<div style="text-align: left;">
<b><u><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><o:p><span style="text-decoration: none;">Download all data in pdf file via link below:</span></o:p></span></u></b></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<b><u><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><o:p><span style="text-decoration: none;"><a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/1SyICCOEPJAKjnKPFfsoPC6E5QK8VoHCZ/view">https://drive.google.com/file/d/1SyICCOEPJAKjnKPFfsoPC6E5QK8VoHCZ/view</a></span></o:p></span></u></b></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal"><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody><tr><td class="tr-caption"><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span face=""arial" , "sans-serif"" style="color: red; font-size: large; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">Fire Protection Specialists</span></b><br /><b>Keeping You Up To Code</b></div><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div>
</div>
Mohamed Nabilhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11548504266319459006noreply@blogger.com0